{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,19]],"date-time":"2026-09-19T02:54:23Z","timestamp":1789786463290,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,2,18]],"date-time":"2015-02-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1424217600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Movement Disorders"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Putaminal metabolites examined using cross\u2010sectional magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) can distinguish pre\u2010manifest and early Huntington's Disease (HD) individuals from controls. An ideal biomarker, however, will demonstrate longitudinal change over short durations. The objective here was to evaluate longitudinal in vivo brain metabolite profiles in HD over 24 months. Eighty\u2010four participants (30 controls, 25 pre\u2010manifest HD, 29 early HD) recruited as part of TRACK\u2010HD were imaged at baseline, 12 months, and 24 months using 3T MRS of left putamen. Automated putaminal volume measurement was performed simultaneously. To quantify partial volume effects, spectroscopy was performed in a second, white matter voxel adjacent to putamen in six subjects. Subjects underwent TRACK\u2010HD motor assessment. Statistical analyses included linear regression and one\u2010way analysis of variance (ANOVA). At all time\u2010points <jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\u2010acetyl aspartate and total <jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\u2010acetyl aspartate (NAA), neuronal integrity markers, were lower in early HD than in controls. Total NAA was lower in pre\u2010manifest HD than in controls, whereas the gliosis marker myo\u2010inositol (MI) was robustly elevated in early HD. Metabolites were stable over 24 months with no longitudinal change. Total NAA was not markedly different in adjacent white matter than putamen, arguing against partial volume confounding effects in cross\u2010sectional group differences. Total NAA correlations with disease burden score suggest that this metabolite may be useful in identifying neurochemical responses to therapeutic agents. We demonstrate almost consistent group differences in putaminal metabolites in HD\u2010affected individuals compared with controls over 24 months. Future work establishing spectroscopy as an HD biomarker should include multi\u2010site assessments in large, pathologically diverse cohorts. \u00a9 2015 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.26118","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,2,18]],"date-time":"2015-02-18T01:48:50Z","timestamp":1424224130000},"page":"393-401","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":56,"title":["A longitudinal study of magnetic resonance spectroscopy Huntington's disease biomarkers"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"30","author":[{"given":"Aaron","family":"Sturrock","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Molecular Medicine &amp; Therapeutics Vancouver Canada"},{"name":"Centre for Huntington Disease University of British Columbia (UBC) Hospital Vancouver Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Corree","family":"Laule","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UBC MRI Research Centre UBC Hospital Vancouver British Columbia Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katy","family":"Wyper","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UBC MRI Research Centre UBC Hospital Vancouver British Columbia Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ruth A.","family":"Milner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Child &amp; 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