{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T04:36:45Z","timestamp":1790743005506,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,3,11]],"date-time":"2015-03-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1426032000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Movement Disorders"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,4,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study investigated cognitive functions in Parkinson's disease (PD) patients with impulse control disorders (ICDs) and aimed to identify possible predictors of behavioral outcome. In this longitudinal cohort study, 40 PD outpatients with ICDs and 40 without, were matched for sex, age at PD onset, age and disease duration at cognitive assessment. All patients had two neuropsychological assessments at least 2 years apart (mean, 3.5 years). Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to identify predictors of ICDs remission at follow\u2010up. The PD patients with and without ICDs had overall comparable cognitive performance at baseline. When evaluating changes between baseline and follow\u2010up, we found significant group \u00d7 time interactions in several frontal lobe\u2013related tests, with the ICDs group showing a less pronounced worsening over time. ICDs remission was associated with better performance at baseline in working memory\u2013related tasks, such as digit span (odds ratio [OR]\u2009=\u20092.69 [95% confidence interval (CI), 1.09\u20106.66]) and attentive matrices (OR=1.19 [95%CI, 1.03\u20101.37]). ICDs remitters and non\u2010remitters had no remarkable differences in baseline PD\u2010related features and therapy management strategies (including the extent of dopamine agonist dose reduction). In conclusion, ICDs in PD patients are not related to greater cognitive impairment or executive dysfunction, but rather show relatively lower cognitive decline over time. The impaired top\u2010down inhibitory control characterizing ICDs is likely attributable to a drug\u2010induced overstimulation of relatively preserved prefrontal cognitive functions. Full behavioral remission in the long term was predicted by better working memory abilities. \u00a9 2015 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.26160","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,3,11]],"date-time":"2015-03-11T04:15:58Z","timestamp":1426047358000},"page":"696-704","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":46,"title":["Long\u2010term cognitive follow\u2010up of Parkinson's disease patients with impulse control disorders"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"30","author":[{"given":"Chiara","family":"Siri","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Parkinson Institute, Istituti Clinici di Perfezionamento Milan Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roberto","family":"Cilia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Parkinson Institute, Istituti Clinici di Perfezionamento Milan 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