{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T09:15:42Z","timestamp":1791278142636,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,3,11]],"date-time":"2015-03-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1426032000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Movement Disorders"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>ABSTRACT: Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Essential tremor (ET) is a very common movement disorder that has no diagnostic markers. Differentiation with Parkinson's disease (PD) can be clinically challenging in some cases, with a high rate of misdiagnosis. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies have been able to identify neuromelanin changes in the substantia nigra (SN) of PD patients, but they have thus far not been investigated in ET. In this study, we aimed to characterize neuromelanin\u2010MR signal changes in ET and evaluate its diagnostic accuracy in the differential diagnosis with PD.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>The inclusion criteria were patients with ET and untreated \u201cde novo\u201d PD patients; in addition, age\u2010matched controls were enrolled. These were studied with a high\u2010resolution T1\u2010weighted MRI sequence at 3.0 Tesla to visualize neuromelanin. The primary outcomes were the area and width of the SN region with high signal.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 15 ET patients and 12 \u201cde novo\u201d PD patients were evaluated. The area and width of the T1 high signal in the SN region were markedly decreased in the PD group compared with the ET and age\u2010matched controls, and a greater decrease was seen in the ventrolateral segment. The neuromelanin measures in the ET group, although slightly lower, were not significantly different from the healthy control group. We obtained a sensitivity of 66.7% and a specificity of 93.3% in discriminating ET from early\u2010stage PD.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Neuromelanin\u2010sensitive MRI techniques can discriminate ET from early\u2010stage tremor\u2010dominant PD and can be a useful clinical tool in the evaluation of tremor disorders. \u00a9 2015 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.26182","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,3,11]],"date-time":"2015-03-11T04:21:27Z","timestamp":1426047687000},"page":"953-959","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":83,"title":["<i>Substantia nigra<\/i> neuromelanin\u2010MR imaging differentiates essential tremor from Parkinson's disease"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"30","author":[{"given":"Sofia","family":"Reim\u00e3o","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurological Imaging Department Hospital de Santa Maria, Centro Hospitalar 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M.","family":"Rosa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Pharmacology Unit Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculty of Medicine, University of Lisbon  Portugal"},{"name":"Neurology Department Hospital de Santa Maria, Centro Hospitalar Lisboa Norte  Portugal"},{"name":"Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine University of Lisbon  Portugal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pedro","family":"Azevedo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Biof\u00edsica e Engenharia Biom\u00e9dica, Faculdade de Ci\u00eancias, Universidade de Lisboa  Portugal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joana","family":"Ferreira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Biof\u00edsica e Engenharia Biom\u00e9dica, Faculdade de Ci\u00eancias, Universidade de Lisboa  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