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Despite the variety of clinical presentations in this syndrome, dysfunction of cortico\u2010striato\u2010pallido\u2010thalamo\u2010cortical networks is suggested as a core pathophysiological mechanism. We review recent structural and functional neuroimaging studies that focused on the anatomical substrate of tics and their possible genesis. These studies showed a consistent relationship between structural and functional abnormalities within motor cortico\u2010basal ganglia circuits and occurrence of tics. The failure of top\u2010down cortical control over motor pathways because of the atypical trajectory of brain development could be a possible mechanism of tic genesis. Occurrence of tics results in several adaptive mechanisms, including modification of cortico\u2010striatal network activity (reduced functional activation of the primary motor cortex) and neurochemical (increased \u03b3\u2010aminobutyric acid concentrations in the supplementary motor area) and microstructural white matter pathways rearrangements. \u00a9 2015 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.26333","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,9,21]],"date-time":"2015-09-21T04:44:15Z","timestamp":1442810655000},"page":"1179-1183","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":70,"title":["Neuroimaging of tic genesis: Present status and future perspectives"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"30","author":[{"given":"Yulia","family":"Worbe","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"D\u00e9partement de Neurologie, P\u00f4le des Maladies du Syst\u00e8me Nerveux H\u00f4pital de la Piti\u00e9\u2010Salp\u00eatri\u00e8re Paris France"},{"name":"Sorbonne Universit\u00e9s, UPMC Universit\u00e9 Paris Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle Paris France"},{"name":"Centre de R\u00e9f\u00e9rence National Maladie Rare \u2018Syndrome Gilles de la Tourette,\u2019 P\u00f4le des Maladies du Syst\u00e8me Nerveux, Groupe Hospitalier Piti\u00e9\u2010Salp\u00eatri\u00e8re Assistance Publique\u2010H\u00f4pitaux de Paris Paris France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stephane","family":"Lehericy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sorbonne Universit\u00e9s, UPMC Universit\u00e9 Paris Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle Paris France"},{"name":"Centre de NeuroImagerie de Recherche CENIR, ICM Paris France"},{"name":"Service de Neuroradiologie, Groupe Hospitalier Piti\u00e9\u2010Salp\u00eatri\u00e8re Assistance Publique\u2010H\u00f4pitaux de Paris Paris 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