{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,25]],"date-time":"2026-08-25T16:40:09Z","timestamp":1787676009431,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,2,10]],"date-time":"2016-02-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1455062400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["NINDS #R01 NS042859"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NINDS #R01 NS042859"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["NINDS #R01 NS086736"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NINDS #R01 NS086736"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["NINDS #R01 NS085136"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NINDS #R01 NS085136"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["NINDS #R01 NS088257"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NINDS #R01 NS088257"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Harvard Brain Tissue Resource Center","award":["R24 MH068855"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R24 MH068855"]}]},{"name":"University of Kentucky Alzheimer's Disease Center Biobank","award":["P30 AG028383"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P30 AG028383"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Movement Disorders"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title><jats:p>Purkinje cell loss has been documented in some, although not all, postmortem studies of essential tremor. Hence, there is considerable controversy concerning the presence of Purkinje cell loss in this disease. To date, few studies have been performed.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Over the past 8 years, we have assembled 50 prospectively studied cases and 25 age\u2010matched controls; none were reported in our previous large series of 33 essential tremor and 21 controls. In addition to methods used in previous studies, the current study used a random sampling approach to quantify Purkinje cells along the Purkinje cell layer with a mean of 217 sites examined in each specimen, allowing for extensive sampling of the Purkinje cell layer within the section. For the first time, we also quantified the distance between Purkinje cell bodies\u2014a nearest neighbor analysis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>In the Purkinje cell count data collected from fifteen 100\u2009\u00d7\u2009fields, cases had lower counts than controls in all three counting criteria (cell bodies, nuclei, and nucleoli; all <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001). Purkinje cell linear density was also lower in cases than controls (all <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001). Purkinje cell linear density obtained by random sampling was similarly lower in cases than controls in all three counting criteria (cell bodies, nuclei, and nucleoli, all <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009\u2264\u20090.005). In agreement with the quantitative Purkinje cell counts, the mean distance from one Purkinje cell body to another Purkinje cell body along the Purkinje cell layer was greater in cases than controls (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.002).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>These data provide support for the neurodegeneration of cerebellar Purkinje cells in essential tremor. \u00a9 2016 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.26490","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,2,10]],"date-time":"2016-02-10T06:53:59Z","timestamp":1455087239000},"page":"393-401","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":82,"title":["Purkinje cell loss in essential tremor: Random sampling quantification and nearest neighbor analysis"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"31","author":[{"given":"Matthew","family":"Choe","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology and Cell Biology Columbia University Medical Center and the New York Presbyterian Hospital New York New York USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Etty","family":"Cort\u00e9s","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology and Cell Biology Columbia University Medical Center and the New York Presbyterian Hospital New York New York USA"},{"name":"Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, College of Physicians and Surgeons Columbia University New York New York USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jean\u2010Paul G.","family":"Vonsattel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology and Cell Biology Columbia University Medical Center and the New York Presbyterian Hospital New York New York USA"},{"name":"Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, College of Physicians and Surgeons Columbia University New York New York USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sheng\u2010Han","family":"Kuo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, College of Physicians and Surgeons Columbia University New York New York USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Phyllis L.","family":"Faust","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology and Cell Biology Columbia University Medical Center and the New York Presbyterian Hospital New York New York USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elan D.","family":"Louis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Yale School of Medicine Yale University New Haven Connecticut USA"},{"name":"Department of Chronic Disease Epidemiology, Yale School of Medicine Yale University New Haven Connecticut USA"},{"name":"Center for Neuroepidemiology and Clinical Neurological Research, Yale School of Medicine Yale University New Haven Connecticut USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,2,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.2005.086579"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.2010.229740"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bare\u0161M Hus\u00e1rov\u00e1I LunguOV.Essential tremor the cerebellum and motor timing: towards integrating them into one complex entity. 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