{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,13]],"date-time":"2026-08-13T14:53:09Z","timestamp":1786632789224,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,2,19]],"date-time":"2016-02-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1455840000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,2,19]],"date-time":"2016-02-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1455840000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Movement Disorders"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Several studies have reported an increased risk for patients with essential tremor to develop Parkinson's disease. In addition, hyperechogenicity in the area of the substantia nigra has been associated with a markedly increased risk for Parkinson's disease. The objective of this study was to evaluate the validity of substantia nigra hyperechogenicity in patients with essential tremor as a risk marker for Parkinson's disease.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Transcranial sonography was performed in 70 patients suffering from essential tremor. Fifty\u2010four of these patients were available for follow\u2010up after a mean of 6.16\u2009\u00b1\u20092.05 years and were assessed for the incidence of new\u2010onset Parkinson's disease.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The relative risk for developing Parkinson's disease in patients with essential tremor who had hyperechogenicity at baseline versus those without this hyperechogenicity was 7.00 (95% confidence interval, 1.62\u201330.34; sensitivity, 77.8%; specificity, 75.6%).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Substantia nigra hyperechogenicity is also associated with an increased risk for Parkinson's disease in patients with essential tremor. These findings further support the potential role of this echofeature as a risk marker for Parkinson's disease. \u00a9 2016\n                      <jats:italic>Movement<\/jats:italic>\n                      Disorder Society\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.26515","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,2,20]],"date-time":"2016-02-20T09:06:50Z","timestamp":1455959210000},"page":"579-583","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Substantia nigra hyperechogenicity and Parkinson's disease risk in patients with essential tremor"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"31","author":[{"given":"Fabienne S.","family":"Sprenger","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Innsbruck Medical University Innsbruck Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Isabel","family":"Wurster","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurology Center, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases University of T\u00fcbingen T\u00fcbingen Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Klaus","family":"Seppi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Innsbruck Medical University Innsbruck Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Heike","family":"Stockner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Innsbruck Medical University Innsbruck Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christoph","family":"Scherfler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Innsbruck Medical University Innsbruck Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Martin","family":"Sojer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Innsbruck Medical University Innsbruck Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christof","family":"Schmidauer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Innsbruck Medical University Innsbruck Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniela","family":"Berg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurology Center, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases University of T\u00fcbingen T\u00fcbingen Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Werner","family":"Poewe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Innsbruck Medical University Innsbruck Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,2,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(05)70226-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/01.WNL.0000099075.19951.8C"},{"issue":"11","key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","first-page":"S21","article-title":"Essential tremor: clinical characteristics","volume":"54","author":"Jankovic J","year":"2000","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.410350613"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.2008.147223"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000328866"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.archger.2012.01.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.21344"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","first-page":"S28","article-title":"Transcranial sonography on Parkinson's disease and essential tremor","volume":"18","author":"Chitsaz A","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Res Med Sci"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0074-7742(10)90014-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.53.5.1026"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","first-page":"2","article-title":"Consensus statement of the Movement Disorder Society on Tremor. 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