{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,4]],"date-time":"2026-09-04T18:59:45Z","timestamp":1788548385460,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,10,6]],"date-time":"2016-10-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1475712000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":5,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"name":"ERA-NET Neuron\/German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF)","award":["Neuron-48-013"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Neuron-48-013"]}]},{"name":"Heinrich Heine University Strategic Research Funds"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001655","name":"German Academic Exchange Service","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["P.R.I.M.E. 2015"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P.R.I.M.E. 2015"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001655","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Movement Disorders"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>High frequency oscillations (&gt;200 Hz) have been observed in the basal ganglia of PD patients and were shown to be modulated by the administration of levodopa and voluntary movement.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The objective of this study was to test whether the power of high\u2010frequency oscillations in the STN is associated with spontaneous manifestation of parkinsonian rest tremor.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The electromyogram of both forearms and local field potentials from the STN were recorded in 11 PD patients (10 men, age 58 [9.4] years, disease duration 9.2 [6.3] years). Patients were recorded at rest and while performing repetitive hand movements before and after levodopa intake. High\u2010frequency oscillation power was compared across epochs containing rest tremor, tremor\u2010free rest, or voluntary movement and related to the tremor cycle.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We observed prominent slow (200\u2010300 Hz) and fast (300\u2010400 Hz) high\u2010frequency oscillations. The ratio between slow and fast high\u2010frequency oscillation power increased when tremor became manifest. This increase was consistent across nuclei (94%) and occurred in medication ON and OFF. The ratio outperformed other potential markers of tremor, such as power at individual tremor frequency, beta power, or low gamma power. For voluntary movement, we did not observe a significant difference when compared with rest or rest tremor. Finally, rhythmic modulations of high\u2010frequency oscillation power occurred within the tremor cycle.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Subthalamic high\u2010frequency oscillation power is closely linked to the occurrence of parkinsonian rest tremor. The balance between slow and fast high\u2010frequency oscillation power combines information on motor and medication state. \u00a9 2016 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.26663","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,5,24]],"date-time":"2016-05-24T10:42:10Z","timestamp":1464086530000},"page":"1551-1559","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":62,"title":["Parkinsonian Rest Tremor Is Associated With Modulations of Subthalamic High\u2010Frequency Oscillations"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"31","author":[{"given":"Jan","family":"Hirschmann","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Clinical Neuroscience and Medical Psychology Heinrich Heine University D\u00fcsseldorf D\u00fcsseldorf Germany"},{"name":"Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour Radboud University Nijmegen The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Markus","family":"Butz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Clinical Neuroscience and Medical Psychology Heinrich Heine University D\u00fcsseldorf D\u00fcsseldorf Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christian J.","family":"Hartmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Clinical Neuroscience and Medical Psychology Heinrich Heine University D\u00fcsseldorf D\u00fcsseldorf Germany"},{"name":"Center for Movement Disorders and Neuromodulation University Hospital D\u00fcsseldorf D\u00fcsseldorf Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nienke","family":"Hoogenboom","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Clinical Neuroscience and Medical Psychology Heinrich Heine University D\u00fcsseldorf D\u00fcsseldorf 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