{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T19:48:01Z","timestamp":1791229681189,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,25]],"date-time":"2017-01-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1485302400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":24,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Movement Disorders"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:bold>Background<\/jats:bold>: The thalamus has been a surgical target for the treatment of various movement disorders. Commonly used therapeutic modalities include ablative and nonablative procedures. A major clinical side effect of thalamic surgery is the appearance of speech problems.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Objective:<\/jats:bold> This review summarizes the data on the development of speech problems after thalamic surgery.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Methods<\/jats:bold>: A systematic review and meta\u2010analysis was performed using nine databases, including Medline, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library. We also checked for articles by searching citing and cited articles. We retrieved studies between 1960 and September 2014.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Results<\/jats:bold>: Of a total of 2,320 patients, 19.8% (confidence interval: 14.8\u201325.9) had speech difficulty after thalamotomy. Speech difficulty occurred in 15% (confidence interval: 9.8\u201322.2) of those treated with a unilaterally and 40.6% (confidence interval: 29.5\u201352.8) of those treated bilaterally. Speech impairment was noticed 2\u2010 to 3\u2010fold more commonly after left\u2010sided procedures (40.7% vs. 15.2%). Of the 572 patients that underwent DBS, 19.4% (confidence interval: 13.1\u201327.8) experienced speech difficulty. Subgroup analysis revealed that this complication occurs in 10.2% (confidence interval: 7.4\u201313.9) of patients treated unilaterally and 34.6% (confidence interval: 21.6\u201350.4) treated bilaterally. After thalamotomy, the risk was higher in Parkinson's patients compared to patients with essential tremor: 19.8% versus 4.5% in the unilateral group and 42.5% versus 13.9% in the bilateral group. After DBS, this rate was higher in essential tremor patients.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Conclusion<\/jats:bold>: Both lesioning and stimulation thalamic surgery produce adverse effects on speech. Left\u2010sided and bilateral procedures are approximately 3\u2010fold more likely to cause speech difficulty. This effect was higher after thalamotomy compared to DBS. In the thalamotomy group, the risk was higher in Parkinson's patients, whereas in the DBS group it was higher in patients with essential tremor. Understanding the pathophysiology of speech disturbance after thalamic procedures is a priority. \u00a9 2017 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.26924","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,25]],"date-time":"2017-01-25T23:21:01Z","timestamp":1485386461000},"page":"53-63","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":108,"title":["Speech and language adverse effects after thalamotomy and deep brain stimulation in patients with movement disorders: A meta\u2010analysis"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"32","author":[{"given":"Soha","family":"Alomar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"King Abdulaziz University, Department of Surgery, Division of Neurosurgery King Abdulaziz University Hospital Jeddah Saudi Arabia"},{"name":"University of Toronto, Department of Surgery, Division of Neurosurgery, Toronto Western Hospital Toronto Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicolas K.K.","family":"King","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Toronto, Department of Surgery, Division of Neurosurgery, Toronto Western Hospital Toronto Ontario Canada"},{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery National Neuroscience Institute  Singapore"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joseph","family":"Tam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Toronto, Department of Surgery, Division of Neurosurgery, Toronto Western Hospital Toronto Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ausaf A.","family":"Bari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of California Los Angeles, Department of Neurosurgery Los Angeles California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Clement","family":"Hamani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Toronto, Department of Surgery, Division of Neurosurgery, Toronto Western Hospital Toronto Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andres M.","family":"Lozano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Toronto, Department of Surgery, Division of Neurosurgery, Toronto Western Hospital Toronto Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01411439"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp-2013-304943"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2377-14-120"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.74.3.305"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.2007.118653"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000029671"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000029723"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00006123-200102000-00004"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-5415.1968.tb02755.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000029722"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3171\/JNS\/2008\/108\/01\/0111"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.59.10.1660-a"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijrobp.2010.07.059"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","first-page":"196","article-title":"Gamma knife radiosurgery (GKRS) in the management of Parkinson's disease and essential tremor: long\u2010term follow\u2010up report of 195 cases","volume":"34","author":"Mark R","year":"2011","journal-title":"Am J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0167-8140(11)71064-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1300962"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1600159"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S27","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.82.10_supplement.S27.005","article-title":"Focused ultrasound MR guided thalamotomy: 2 year follow\u2010up safety and efficacy data","volume":"82","author":"Shah B","year":"2014","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.b2535"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_21_1","unstructured":"AghakhaniY BeersCA PittmanDJ Gaxiola ValdezI FedericoP.BOLD response from focal epileptiform discharges on intracranial EEG. Poster presented at the Annual Meeting of the American Epilepsy Society 2013 Washington DC 2014. pp.91\u201092."},{"key":"e_1_2_8_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-510X(99)00139-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.2006.104.4.506"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.53.7.1447"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1531-8257(200101)16:1<140::AID-MDS1025>3.0.CO;2-T"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2013.08.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.74.10.1387"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.1999.91.1.0068"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000091953"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.1996.84.2.0203"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.66.3.289"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.56.3.268"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00702-011-0656-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0090-3019(97)00459-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/94.4.669"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.1967.00470190078010"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000082207"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-2909.96.3.491"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000350713"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.1968.29.1.0051"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0093-934X(75)80057-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.1977.tb41923.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0140525X00015491"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.1971.35.2.0203"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/91.4.619"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_46_1","first-page":"99","article-title":"Language disorders and their relationship to thalamic lesions","volume":"42","author":"Lhermitte F","year":"1984","journal-title":"Adv Neurol"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1515\/9781400854677"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_48_1","first-page":"300","article-title":"Role of subcortical structures, and particularly of the thalamus, in the mechanisms of speech and language. A review","volume":"8","author":"Botez MI","year":"1971","journal-title":"Int J Neurol"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1227\/00006123-198008000-00003"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3171\/2009.10.JNS09332"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archneurol.2010.69"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000029728"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.1984.61.2.0316"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000103953"}],"container-title":["Movement Disorders"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fmds.26924","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/movementdisorders.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/mds.26924","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,20]],"date-time":"2025-10-20T12:45:43Z","timestamp":1760964343000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/movementdisorders.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/mds.26924"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017,1]]},"references-count":53,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/mds.26924"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/mds.26924","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0885-3185","1531-8257"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0885-3185","type":"print"},{"value":"1531-8257","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2017,1]]}}}