{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,4]],"date-time":"2026-11-04T09:26:12Z","timestamp":1793784372925,"version":"4.6.1"},"reference-count":75,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,4,27]],"date-time":"2018-04-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1524787200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007013","name":"F. Hoffmann-La Roche","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007013","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["movementdisorders.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Movement Disorders"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Background<\/jats:bold>\n                    : Ubiquitous digital technologies such as smartphone sensors promise to fundamentally change biomedical research and treatment monitoring in neurological diseases such as PD, creating a new domain of digital biomarkers.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Objectives<\/jats:bold>\n                    : The present study assessed the feasibility, reliability, and validity of smartphone\u2010based digital biomarkers of PD in a clinical trial setting.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Methods<\/jats:bold>\n                    : During a 6\u2010month, phase 1b clinical trial with 44 Parkinson participants, and an independent, 45\u2010day study in 35 age\u2010matched healthy controls, participants completed six daily motor active tests (sustained phonation, rest tremor, postural tremor, finger\u2010tapping, balance, and gait), then carried the smartphone during the day (passive monitoring), enabling assessment of, for example, time spent walking and sit\u2010to\u2010stand transitions by gyroscopic and accelerometer data.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Results<\/jats:bold>\n                    : Adherence was acceptable: Patients completed active testing on average 3.5 of 7 times\/week. Sensor\u2010based features showed moderate\u2010to\u2010excellent test\u2010retest reliability (average intraclass correlation coefficient\u2009=\u20090.84). All active and passive features significantly differentiated PD from controls with\n                    <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009&lt;\u20090.005. All active test features except sustained phonation were significantly related to corresponding International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society\u2013Sponsored UPRDS clinical severity ratings. On passive monitoring, time spent walking had a significant (\n                    <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20090.005) relationship with average postural instability and gait disturbance scores. Of note, for all smartphone active and passive features except postural tremor, the monitoring procedure detected abnormalities even in those Parkinson participants scored as having no signs in the corresponding International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society\u2013Sponsored UPRDS items at the site visit.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Conclusions<\/jats:bold>\n                    : These findings demonstrate the feasibility of smartphone\u2010based digital biomarkers and indicate that smartphone\u2010sensor technologies provide reliable, valid, clinically meaningful, and highly sensitive phenotypic data in Parkinson's disease. \u00a9 2018 The Authors. Movement Disorders published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.27376","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,4,27]],"date-time":"2018-04-27T06:47:07Z","timestamp":1524811627000},"page":"1287-1297","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":273,"title":["Evaluation of smartphone\u2010based testing to generate exploratory outcome measures in a phase 1 Parkinson's disease clinical trial"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"33","author":[{"given":"Florian","family":"Lipsmeier","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, pRED Informatics, Pharmaceutical Sciences, Clinical Pharmacology, and Neuroscience, Ophthalmology, and Rare Diseases Discovery and Translational Area, Roche Innovation Center Basel, F. Hoffmann\u2010La Roche Ltd. 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