{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,12]],"date-time":"2026-10-12T18:16:02Z","timestamp":1791828962226,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,22]],"date-time":"2019-11-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1574380800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["movementdisorders.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Movement Disorders"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Effects of DBS on freezing of gait and other axial signs in PD patients are unclear.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Secondary analysis to assess whether DBS affects these symptoms within a large randomized controlled trial comparing DBS of the STN combined with best medical treatment and best medical treatment alone in patients with early motor complications (EARLYSTIM\u2010trial).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      One hundred twenty\u2010four patients were randomized in the stimulation group and 127 patients in the best medical treatment group. Presence of freezing of gait was assessed in the worst condition based on item\u201014 of the UPDRS\u2010II at baseline and follow\u2010up. The posture, instability, and gait\u2010difficulty subscore of the UPDRS\u2010III, and a gait test including quantification of freezing of gait and number of steps, were performed in both medication\u2010\n                      <jats:italic>off<\/jats:italic>\n                      and medication\u2010\n                      <jats:italic>on<\/jats:italic>\n                      conditions.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Fifty\u2010two percent in both groups had freezing of gait at baseline based on UPDRS\u2010II. This proportion decreased in the stimulation group to 34%, but did not change in the best medical treatment group at 24 months (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      =\u20090.018). The steps needed to complete the gait test decreased in the stimulation group and was superior to the best medical treatment group (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      =\u20090.016). The axial signs improved in the stimulation group compared to the best medical treatment group (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt;\u20090.01) in both medication\u2010\n                      <jats:italic>off<\/jats:italic>\n                      and medication\u2010\n                      <jats:italic>on<\/jats:italic>\n                      conditions.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Within the first 2\u2009years of DBS, freezing of gait and other axial signs improved in the medication\u2010\n                      <jats:italic>off<\/jats:italic>\n                      condition compared to best medical treatment in these patients. \u00a9 2019 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.27892","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,22]],"date-time":"2019-11-22T07:14:41Z","timestamp":1574406881000},"page":"82-90","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":68,"title":["Deep Brain Stimulation for Freezing of Gait in Parkinson's Disease With Early Motor Complications"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"35","author":[{"given":"Michael T.","family":"Barbe","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne  Cologne Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lisa","family":"Tonder","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medtronic  Minneapolis Minnesota USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paul","family":"Krack","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology University Hospital Bern and University of Bern  Bern Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bettina","family":"Deb\u00fb","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universit\u00e9 Grenoble Alpes, INSERM 1216, Grenoble Institut Neurosciences, Grenoble, France; Neurology Department Grenoble University Hospital  Grenoble France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Sch\u00fcpbach","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology University Hospital Bern and University of Bern  Bern Switzerland"},{"name":"Assistance\u2010Publique H\u00f4pitaux de Paris; Centre d'Investigation Clinique 9503, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle \u00e9pini\u00e8re; D\u00e9partement de Neurologie Universit\u00e9 Pierre et Marie Curie\u2010Paris 6 et INSERM, CHU Piti\u00e9\u2010Salp\u00eatri\u00e8re  Paris France"},{"name":"Institute of Neurology  Konolfingen 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