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Although identification of the functional topography of the STN has therapeutic implications in the treatment of the motor features of Parkinson's disease (PD), the details of its functional and somatotopic organization in humans are not well understood.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>The aim of this study was to characterize the functional organization of the STN and its correlation with the motor outcomes induced by subthalamotomy.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We used diffusion\u2010weighted imaging to assess STN connectivity patterns in 23 healthy control subjects and 86 patients with PD, of whom 39 received unilateral subthalamotomy. Analytical tractography was used to reconstruct structural cortico\u2010subthalamic connectivity. A diffusion\u2010weighted imaging\/functional magnetic resonance imaging\u2013driven somatotopic parcellation of the STN was defined to delineate the representation of the upper and lower limb in the STN.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>We confirmed a connectional gradient to sensorimotor, supplementary\u2010motor, associative, and limbic cortical regions, spanning from posterior\u2010dorsal\u2010lateral to anterior\u2010ventral\u2010medial portions of the STN, with intermediate overlapping zones. Functional magnetic resonance imaging\u2013driven parcellation demonstrated dual segregation of motor cortico\u2010subthalamic projections in humans. Moreover, the relationship between lesion topography and functional anatomy of the STN explains specific improvement in bradykinesia, rigidity, and tremor induced by subthalamotomy.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Our results support an interplay between segregation and integration of cortico\u2010subthalamic projections, suggesting the coexistence of parallel and convergent information processing. Identifying the functional topography of the STN will facilitate better definition of the optimal location for functional neurosurgical approaches, that is, electrode placement and lesion location, and improve specific cardinal features in PD. \u00a9 2021 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.28862","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,3]],"date-time":"2021-12-03T03:07:51Z","timestamp":1638500871000},"page":"279-290","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":43,"title":["Functional Topography of the Human Subthalamic Nucleus: Relevance for Subthalamotomy in Parkinson's Disease"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"37","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2903-199X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rafael","family":"Rodriguez\u2010Rojas","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"HM CINAC (Centro Integral de Neurociencias Abarca 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