{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T15:02:47Z","timestamp":1790866967694,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,22]],"date-time":"2022-07-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1658448000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,22]],"date-time":"2022-07-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1658448000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000864","name":"Michael J. Fox Foundation for Parkinson's Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000864","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["movementdisorders.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Movement Disorders"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Human genetics research lacks diversity; over 80% of genome\u2010wide association studies have been conducted on individuals of European ancestry. In addition to limiting insights regarding disease mechanisms, disproportionate representation can create disparities preventing equitable implementation of personalized medicine.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This systematic review provides an overview of research involving Parkinson's disease (PD) genetics in underrepresented populations (URP) and sets a baseline to measure the future impact of current efforts in those populations.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We searched PubMed and EMBASE until October 2021 using search strings for \u201cPD,\u201d \u201cgenetics,\u201d the main \u201cURP,\u201d and and the countries in Latin America, Caribbean, Africa, Asia, and Oceania (excluding Australia and New Zealand). Inclusion criteria were original studies, written in English, reporting genetic results on PD from non\u2010European populations. Two levels of independent reviewers identified and extracted information.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We observed imbalances in PD genetic studies among URPs. Asian participants from Greater China were described in the majority of the articles published (57%), but other populations were less well studied; for example, Blacks were represented in just 4.0% of the publications. Also, although idiopathic PD was more studied than monogenic forms of the disease, most studies analyzed a limited number of genetic variants. We identified just nine studies using a genome\u2010wide approach published up to 2021, including URPs.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      This review provides insight into the significant lack of population diversity in PD research highlighting the immediate need for better representation. The Global Parkinson's Genetics Program (GP2) and similar initiatives aim to impact research in URPs, and the early metrics presented here can be used to measure progress in the field of PD genetics in the future. \u00a9 2022 The Authors.\n                      <jats:italic>Movement Disorders<\/jats:italic>\n                      published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.29126","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,22]],"date-time":"2022-07-22T13:06:51Z","timestamp":1658495211000},"page":"1593-1604","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":98,"title":["Underrepresented Populations in Parkinson's Genetics Research: Current Landscape and Future Directions"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"37","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8722-0908","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Artur Francisco","family":"Schumacher\u2010Schuh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Farmacologia Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul  Porto Alegre Brazil"},{"name":"Servi\u00e7o de Neurologia Hospital de Cl\u00ednicas de Porto Alegre  Porto Alegre RS Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6669-2834","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andrei","family":"Bieger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate Program in Biological Sciences: Biochemistry Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul  Porto Alegre Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0758-0987","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Olaitan","family":"Okunoye","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical and Movement Neurosciences Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London  United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3145-880X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kin Ying","family":"Mok","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurodegenerative Disease and UK Dementia Research Institute University College of London  London United Kingdom"},{"name":"Division of Life Sciences Hong Kong University of Science and Technology  Hong Kong China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6942-2522","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shen\u2010Yang","family":"Lim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, and the Mah Pooi Soo &amp; Tan Chin Nam Centre for Parkinson's &amp; Related Disorders, Faculty of Medicine University of Malaya  Kuala Lumpur 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