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Autopsy studies have shown that the olfactory bulb (OB) is one of the regions where Lewy pathology develops and initiates its spread in the brain.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study aims to clarify how Lewy pathology spreads from the OB and affects brain functions using nonhuman primates.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We inoculated \u03b1\u2010Syn preformed fibrils into the unilateral OBs of common marmosets (<jats:italic>Callithrix jacchus<\/jats:italic>) and performed pathological analyses, manganese\u2010enhanced magnetic resonance imaging, and <jats:sup>18<\/jats:sup>F\u2010fluoro\u20102\u2010deoxy\u2010<jats:sc>d<\/jats:sc>\u2010glucose positron emission tomography up to 6\u00a0months postinoculation.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Severe \u03b1\u2010Syn pathology was observed within the olfactory pathway and limbic system, while mild \u03b1\u2010Syn pathology was seen in a wide range of brain regions, including the substantia nigra pars compacta, locus coeruleus, and even dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus nerve. The brain imaging analyses showed reduction in volume of the OB and progressive glucose hypometabolism in widespread brain regions, including the occipital lobe, and extended beyond the pathologically affected regions.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>We generated a novel nonhuman primate LBD model with \u03b1\u2010Syn propagation from the OB. This model suggests that \u03b1\u2010Syn propagation from the OB is related to OB atrophy and cerebral glucose hypometabolism in LBDs. \u00a9 2022 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.29161","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,22]],"date-time":"2022-08-22T02:00:15Z","timestamp":1661133615000},"page":"2033-2044","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":31,"title":["Lewy Body Disease Primate Model with \u03b1\u2010Synuclein Propagation from the Olfactory Bulb"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"37","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9613-6230","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Masanori","family":"Sawamura","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Graduate School of Medicine Kyoto University  Kyoto 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