{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,21]],"date-time":"2026-05-21T16:19:30Z","timestamp":1779380370312,"version":"3.53.1"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,21]],"date-time":"2023-02-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1676937600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100021783","name":"Courtois Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100021783","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000038","name":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["#RGPIN\u2010248074"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["#RGPIN\u2010248074"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000038","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["movementdisorders.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Movement Disorders"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Parkinson's disease (PD) has traditionally been viewed as an \u03b1\u2010synucleinopathy brain pathology. Yet evidence based on postmortem human and animal experimental models indicates that the spinal cord may also be affected.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) seems to be a promising candidate to better characterize spinal cord functional organization in PD patients.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Resting\u2010state spinal fMRI was performed in 70 PD patients and 24 age\u2010matched healthy controls, the patients being divided into three groups based on their motor symptom severity: PD<jats:sub>low<\/jats:sub> (n\u00a0=\u00a024), PD<jats:sub>med<\/jats:sub> (n\u00a0=\u00a022), and PD<jats:sub>adv<\/jats:sub> (n\u00a0=\u00a024) groups. A combination of independent component analysis (ICA) and a seed\u2010based approach was applied.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>When pooling all participants, the ICA revealed distinct ventral and dorsal components distributed along the rostro\u2010caudal axis. This organization was highly reproducible within subgroups of patients and controls. PD severity, assessed by Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS) scores, was associated with a decrease in spinal functional connectivity (FC). Notably, we observed a reduced intersegmental correlation in PD as compared to controls, the latter being negatively associated with patients' upper\u2010limb UPDRS scores (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.0085). This negative association between FC and upper\u2010limb UPDRS scores was significant between adjacent C4\u2013C5 (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.015) and C5\u2013C6 (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.20) cervical segments, levels associated with upper\u2010limb functions.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>The present study provides the first evidence of spinal cord FC changes in PD and opens new avenues for the effective diagnosis and therapeutic strategies in PD. This underscores how spinal cord fMRI can serve as a powerful tool to characterize, in vivo, spinal circuits for a variety of neurological diseases. \u00a9 2023 The Authors. <jats:italic>Movement Disorders<\/jats:italic> published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.29354","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,21]],"date-time":"2023-02-21T14:08:49Z","timestamp":1676988529000},"page":"636-645","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":31,"title":["Altered Spinal Cord Functional Connectivity Associated with Parkinson's Disease Progression"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"38","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5245-2824","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Caroline","family":"Landelle","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McConnell Brain 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Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Benjamin","family":"De Leener","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Engineering and Software Engineering Polytechnique Montreal  Montreal Quebec Canada"},{"name":"CHU Sainte\u2010Justine Research Centre  Montreal Quebec Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Julien","family":"Doyon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McConnell Brain Imaging Centre, Montreal Neurological Institute McGill University  Montreal Quebec 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