{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,9]],"date-time":"2026-09-09T04:23:23Z","timestamp":1788927803877,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,20]],"date-time":"2023-04-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1681948800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["movementdisorders.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Movement Disorders"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Antipsychotic\u2010associated movement disorders remain common and disabling. Their screening and assessment are challenging due to clinical heterogeneity and different use of nomenclature between psychiatrists and neurologists.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>An International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society subcommittee aimed to rate psychometric quality of severity and screening instruments for antipsychotic\u2010associated movement disorders.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Following the methodology adopted by previous International Parkinson and Movement Disorders Society subcommittee papers, instruments for antipsychotic\u2010associated movement disorders were reviewed, applying a classification as \u201crecommended,\u201d \u201crecommended with caveats,\u201d \u201csuggested,\u201d or \u201clisted.\u201d<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Our review identified 23 instruments. The highest grade of recommendation reached is \u201crecommended with caveats,\u201d assigned to seven severity rating instruments (Extrapyramidal Symptoms Rating Scale, Barnes Akathisia Rating Scale, Abnormal Involuntary Movements Scale, Drug\u2010Induced Extra\u2010Pyramidal Symptoms Scale, Maryland Psychiatric Research Centre involuntary movements scale, Simpson Angus Scale, and Matson Evaluation of Drug Side effects). Only three of these seven (Drug\u2010Induced Extra\u2010Pyramidal Symptoms Scale, Maryland Psychiatric Research Centre, Matson Evaluation of Drug Side effects) were also screening instruments. Their main caveats are insufficient demonstration of psychometric properties (internal consistency, skewing, responsiveness to change) and long duration of administration. Eight \u201csuggested\u201d instruments did not meet requirements for the \u201crecommended\u201d grade also because of insufficient psychometric validation. Other limitations shared by several instruments are lack of comprehensiveness in assessing the spectrum of antipsychotic\u2010associated movement disorders and ambiguous nomenclature.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>The high number of instruments \u201crecommended with caveats\u201d does not support the need for developing new instruments for antipsychotic\u2010associated movement disorders. However, addressing the caveats with new psychometric studies and revising existing instruments to improve the clarity of their nomenclature are recommended next steps. \u00a9 2023 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.29392","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,21]],"date-time":"2023-04-21T00:59:43Z","timestamp":1682038783000},"page":"1008-1026","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Scales for Antipsychotic\u2010Associated Movement Disorders: Systematic Review, Critique, and Recommendations"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"38","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2217-0487","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Davide","family":"Martino","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Cumming School of Medicine University of Calgary  Calgary Alberta Canada"},{"name":"Hotchkiss Brain Institute University of Calgary  Calgary Alberta Canada"},{"name":"Alberta Children's Research Institute University of Calgary  Calgary Alberta Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vikram","family":"Karnik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Cumming School of Medicine University of Calgary  Calgary Alberta Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6901-2064","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Roongroj","family":"Bhidayasiri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chulalongkorn Centre of Excellence for Parkinson's Disease &amp; Related Disorders, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Chulalongkorn University and King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital  Bangkok Thailand"},{"name":"The Academy of Science The Royal Society of Thailand  Bangkok Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Deborah A.","family":"Hall","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Movement Disorders, Department of Neurological Sciences Rush University Medical Center  Chicago Illinois USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6369-1203","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Robert A.","family":"Hauser","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Parkinson's Disease and Movement Disorders Center, Parkinson Foundation Center of Excellence, Department of Neurology University of South Florida  Tampa Florida USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Antonella","family":"Macerollo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Walton Centre NHS Foundation Trust for Neurology and Neurosurgery  Liverpool United Kingdom"},{"name":"Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology University of Liverpool  Liverpool United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8229-8431","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tamara M.","family":"Pringsheim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Cumming School of Medicine University of Calgary  Calgary Alberta Canada"},{"name":"Hotchkiss Brain Institute University of Calgary  Calgary Alberta Canada"},{"name":"Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Psychiatry, Pediatrics and Community Health Sciences University of Calgary  Calgary Alberta Canada"},{"name":"Mathison Centre for Mental Health Research and Education  Calgary Alberta Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniel","family":"Truong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Parkinson's and Movement Disorder Institute, Orange Coast Memorial Medical Center  Fountain Valley California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0449-973X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Stewart A.","family":"Factor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Jean and Paul Amos Parkinson's Disease and Movement Disorder Program Emory University School of Medicine  Atlanta Georgia USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5497-8715","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Matej","family":"Skorvanek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology P.J. Safarik University  Kosice Slovak Republic"},{"name":"Department of Neurology University Hospital of L. Pasteur  Kosice Slovak Republic"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9872-6680","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anette","family":"Schrag","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Neurosciences, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology University College London  London United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"name":"Members of the IPMDS Rating Scales Review Committee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/YCO.0000000000000491"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s13311-020-00914-6"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1081","DOI":"10.1212\/CON.0000000000000754","article-title":"Tardive syndromes","volume":"25","author":"Friedman JH","year":"2019","journal-title":"Continuum (Minneap Minn)"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/02698811211055812"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.9778\/cmajo.20170145"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s13311-013-0222-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0257129"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4088\/JCP.16r10832"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S109285292000200X"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(19)30152-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0706743718777392"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s13311-020-00898-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2020.06.023"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2288-10-22"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","first-page":"233","article-title":"The extrapyramidal symptoms rating scale","volume":"7","author":"Chouinard G","year":"1980","journal-title":"Can J Neurol Sci"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.154.5.672"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00005053-198506000-00005"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_19_1","volume-title":"Evaluation and Diagnosis of Drug\u2010Induced Extrapyramidal Symptoms: Commentary on the DIEPSS and Guide to its Usage","author":"Inada T","year":"1996"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0165-1781(97)03031-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0447.1970.tb02066.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0891-4222(98)00021-3"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_9_23_1","first-page":"141","article-title":"Psychometric properties of the dyskinesia identification system: condensed user scale (DISCUS)","volume":"27","author":"Sprague RL","year":"1989","journal-title":"Ment Retard"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.166.5.650"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0447.1993.tb03366.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0269881107087976"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S1461145700002066"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_9_28_1","first-page":"94","article-title":"Assessment of extrapyramidal symptoms during acute neuroleptic treatment","volume":"56","author":"Mazure CM","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Clin Psychiatry"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jns.2018.02.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/JCP.0000000000001061"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2021.113507"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(15)00308-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00004714-199302000-00004"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2215-0366(17)30236-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.2017.16091037"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.27769"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2022.02.017"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.23759"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2018.11.025"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.35.1.73"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.10473"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/2045125313510195"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1192\/bjo.2018.55"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2020.08.031"},{"issue":"5","key":"e_1_2_9_45_1","first-page":"60","article-title":"Comparison of the Fahn\u2010Tolosa\u2010Marin clinical rating scale and the essential tremor rating assessment scale","volume":"23","author":"Ondo W","year":"2017","journal-title":"Mov Disord Clin Pract"}],"container-title":["Movement Disorders"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/movementdisorders.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/mds.29392","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,20]],"date-time":"2025-10-20T10:16:38Z","timestamp":1760955398000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/movementdisorders.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/mds.29392"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,20]]},"references-count":44,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,6]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/mds.29392"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/mds.29392","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0885-3185","1531-8257"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0885-3185","type":"print"},{"value":"1531-8257","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,20]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2022-11-14","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2023-03-13","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2023-04-20","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}