{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]],"date-time":"2026-08-17T14:51:01Z","timestamp":1786978261779,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,26]],"date-time":"2023-07-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1690329600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004837","name":"Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovaci\u00f3n","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["RTC2019\u2010007150\u20101"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RTC2019\u2010007150\u20101"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004837","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100009042","name":"Universidad de Sevilla","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["USE\u201019094\u2010G"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["USE\u201019094\u2010G"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100009042","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["movementdisorders.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Movement Disorders"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Degeneration of the cortically\u2010projecting cholinergic basal forebrain (cBF) is a well\u2010established pathologic correlate of cognitive decline in Parkinson's disease (PD). In Alzheimer's disease (AD) the effect of cBF degeneration on cognitive decline was found to be mediated by parallel atrophy of denervated cortical areas.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To examine whether the association between cBF degeneration and cognitive decline in PD is mediated by parallel atrophy of cortical areas and whether these associations depend on the presence of comorbid AD pathology.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We studied 162 de novo PD patients who underwent serial 3\u2009T magnetic resonance imaging scanning (follow\u2010up: 2.33\u2009\u00b1\u20091.46\u2009years) within the Parkinson's Progression Markers Initiative. cBF volume and regional cortical thickness were automatically calculated using established procedures. Individual slopes of structural brain changes and cognitive decline were estimated using linear\u2010mixed models. Associations between longitudinal cBF degeneration, regional cortical thinning, and cognitive decline were assessed using regression analyses and mediation effects were assessed using nonparametric bootstrap. Complementary analyses assessed the effect of amyloid\u2010\u03b2 biomarker positivity on these associations.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      After controlling for global brain atrophy, longitudinal cBF degeneration was highly correlated with faster cortical thinning (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      <jats:sub>FDR<\/jats:sub>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.05), and thinning in cBF\u2010associated cortical areas mediated the association between cBF degeneration and cognitive decline (r\n                      <jats:sub>cBF\u2010MoCA<\/jats:sub>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.30,\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001). Interestingly, both longitudinal cBF degeneration and its association with cortical thinning were largely independent of amyloid\u2010\u03b2 status.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      cBF degeneration in PD is linked to parallel thinning of cortical target areas, which mediate the effect on cognitive decline. These associations are independent of amyloid\u2010\u03b2 status, indicating that they reflect proper features of PD pathophysiology. \u00a9 2023 The Authors.\n                      <jats:italic>Movement Disorders<\/jats:italic>\n                      published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.29564","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,26]],"date-time":"2023-07-26T03:58:56Z","timestamp":1690343936000},"page":"1871-1880","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["Basal Forebrain Atrophy, Cortical Thinning, and Amyloid\u2010\u03b2 Status in\n                    <scp>Parkinson's disease<\/scp>\n                    \u2010Related Cognitive Decline"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"38","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3576-1777","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Miguel A.","family":"Labrador\u2010Espinosa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Unidad de Trastornos del Movimiento, Servicio de Neurolog\u00eda y Neurofisiolog\u00eda Cl\u00ednica, Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBiS) Hospital Universitario Virgen del Roc\u00edo\/CSIC\/Universidad de Sevilla  Seville Spain"},{"name":"Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n Biom\u00e9dica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III  Madrid Spain"},{"name":"Departamento de Medicina, Facultad de Medicina Universidad de Sevilla  Seville Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5196-0103","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jes\u00fas","family":"Silva\u2010Rodr\u00edguez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unidad de Trastornos del Movimiento, Servicio de Neurolog\u00eda y Neurofisiolog\u00eda Cl\u00ednica, Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBiS) Hospital Universitario Virgen del Roc\u00edo\/CSIC\/Universidad de Sevilla  Seville Spain"},{"name":"Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n Biom\u00e9dica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III  Madrid Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mar\u00eda Isabel","family":"Reina\u2010Castillo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unidad de Trastornos del Movimiento, Servicio de Neurolog\u00eda y Neurofisiolog\u00eda Cl\u00ednica, Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBiS) Hospital Universitario Virgen del Roc\u00edo\/CSIC\/Universidad de Sevilla  Seville Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1656-302X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pablo","family":"Mir","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unidad de Trastornos del Movimiento, Servicio de Neurolog\u00eda y Neurofisiolog\u00eda Cl\u00ednica, Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBiS) Hospital Universitario Virgen del Roc\u00edo\/CSIC\/Universidad de Sevilla  Seville Spain"},{"name":"Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n Biom\u00e9dica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III  Madrid Spain"},{"name":"Departamento de Medicina, Facultad de Medicina Universidad de Sevilla  Seville Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2600-9022","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michel J.","family":"Grothe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unidad de Trastornos del Movimiento, Servicio de Neurolog\u00eda y Neurofisiolog\u00eda Cl\u00ednica, Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBiS) Hospital Universitario Virgen del Roc\u00edo\/CSIC\/Universidad de Sevilla  Seville Spain"},{"name":"Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n Biom\u00e9dica en Red sobre Enfermedades 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