{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,27]],"date-time":"2026-10-27T16:52:25Z","timestamp":1793119945625,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":94,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,4]],"date-time":"2024-12-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1733270400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["movementdisorders.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Movement Disorders"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Spasticity is a common feature in patients with disruptions in corticospinal pathways. However, the term is used ambiguously. Here, spasticity is defined as enhanced velocity\u2010dependent stretch reflexes and placed within the context of deforming spastic paresis encompassing other forms of muscle overactivity.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This scoping review aims at evaluating the clinimetric quality of clinical outcome assessments (COAs) for spasticity across different pathologies and to make recommendations for their use.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A literature search was conducted to identify COAs used to assess spasticity. An international expert panel evaluated the measurement properties in the included COAs. Recommendations were based on the MDS\u2010COA program methodology based on three criteria: if the COA was (1) applied to patients with spastic paresis, (2) used by others beyond the developers, and (3) determined to be reliable, valid, and sensitive to change in patients with spasticity.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We identified 72 COAs of which 17 clinician\u2010reported outcomes (ClinROs) and 6 patient\u2010reported outcomes (PROs) were reviewed. The Tardieu Scale was the only ClinRO recommended for assessing spasticity. One ClinRO\u2014Composite Spasticity Index\u2014and two PROs\u2014Spasticity 0\u201310 Numeric Rating Scale and 88\u2010Item Multiple Sclerosis Spasticity Scale\u2014were recommended with caveats. The Ashworth\u2010derived COAs were excluded after evaluation due to their focus on muscle tone rather than spasticity, as defined in this review.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The Tardieu Scale is recommended for assessing spasticity, and two PROs are recommended with caveats. Consistent terminology about the various types of muscle overactivity is necessary to facilitate their assessment and treatment. \u00a9 2024 The Author(s).\n                      <jats:italic>Movement Disorders<\/jats:italic>\n                      published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.30062","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,4]],"date-time":"2024-12-04T07:00:08Z","timestamp":1733295608000},"page":"22-43","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":36,"title":["Clinical Outcome Assessments for Spasticity: Review, Critique, and Recommendations"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"40","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8614-2776","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ota","family":"Gal","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology and Centre of Clinical Neuroscience First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University  Prague Czech Republic"},{"name":"Department of Neurology General University Hospital in Prague  Prague Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marjolaine","family":"Baude","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Service de R\u00e9\u00e9ducation Neurolocomotrice, H\u00f4pitaux Universitaires Henri\u2010Mondor, Assistance publique\u2013H\u00f4pitaux de Paris  Cr\u00e9teil France"},{"name":"BIOTN Laboratory, EA 7377 BIOTN, Universit\u00e9 Paris\u2010Est Cr\u00e9teil  Cr\u00e9teil France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thierry","family":"Deltombe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Medicine &amp; Rehabilitation, CHU UCL Namur Site Godinne  Yvoir Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alberto","family":"Esquenazi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Jefferson Moss\u2010Magee Rehabilitation  Philadelphia Pennsylvania USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jean\u2010Michel","family":"Gracies","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"BIOTN Laboratory, EA 7377 BIOTN, Universit\u00e9 Paris\u2010Est Cr\u00e9teil  Cr\u00e9teil France"},{"name":"Service de Neuror\u00e9\u00e9ducation, Universit\u00e9 de Corse, Centre Hospitalier de Bastia  Bastia France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Martina","family":"Hoskovcova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology and Centre of Clinical Neuroscience First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University  Prague Czech Republic"},{"name":"Department of Neurology General University Hospital in Prague  Prague Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carmen","family":"Rodriguez\u2010Blazquez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Centre of Epidemiology, Institute of Health Carlos III  Madrid Spain"},{"name":"CIBERNED, Institute of Health Carlos III  Madrid Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Raymond","family":"Rosales","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine and Surgery\u2010Research Center for Health Sciences and Dept. 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