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Whereas current deep brain stimulation (DBS) for PD targets motor symptoms, quality of life improvement, or lack thereof, is often largely determined by non\u2010motor symptoms. So far, the effect of DBS on non\u2010motor PD symptoms is insufficient, and neuromodulation targeted specifically at improving non\u2010motor PD symptoms has been largely unaddressed. In this review, we provide a comprehensive overview of the effect of DBS on non\u2010motor PD symptoms and discuss DBS\u2010induced non\u2010motor side effects including apathy and hypomania. We highlight the distinct neuroanatomical and temporal dynamics of these non\u2010motor PD aspects. With the recent emergence of sensing\u2010enabled DBS devices, we propose that research into responsive neuromodulation targeted specifically at non\u2010motor symptoms is now feasible and timely. We outline potential non\u2010motor adaptive DBS (aDBS) strategies that could be tested with currently available hardware. We conclude by highlighting important challenges that would need to be addressed for implementing aDBS for non\u2010motor symptoms in PD. These include physiomarker validation, optimization of aDBS algorithms and control policies, the need for technological innovations, and incorporating ethical considerations. This review aims to provide a roadmap for clinicians and researchers to accelerate the development of non\u2010motor aDBS in PD. \u00a9 2025 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.30212","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,18]],"date-time":"2025-07-18T07:09:57Z","timestamp":1752822597000},"page":"1759-1777","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Towards Adaptive Deep Brain Stimulation for Non\u2010Motor Symptoms in Parkinson's Disease?"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"40","author":[{"given":"Bart E.K.S.","family":"Swinnen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"UCSF Department of Neurology University of California San Francisco  San Francisco CA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Colin W.","family":"Hoy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UCSF Department of Neurology University of 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