{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,21]],"date-time":"2025-10-21T00:31:38Z","timestamp":1761006698306,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,2]],"date-time":"2025-05-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1746144000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100031478","name":"NextGenerationEU","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100031478","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100021856","name":"Ministero dell'Universit\u00e0 e della Ricerca","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100021856","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["movementdisorders.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Movement Disorders"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Differentiating progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) from other parkinsonian disorders may be challenging.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>To investigate the role of transforming growth factor beta\u20101 (TGF\u03b21) in PSP.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 33 PSP, 39 Parkinson's disease (PD), 8 multiple system atrophy (MSA) patients, and 50 healthy controls (HC) were enrolled. TGF\u03b21 levels, including both active and inactive forms (latency\u2010associated peptide [LAP]\u2010TGF\u03b21), were measured in serum, total extracellular vesicles (EVs), and neuronally\u2010derived EVs (NDEVs) using microfluidic assays and ELISA.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>PSP patients exhibited a marked increase in TGF\u03b21 and LAP\u2010TGF\u03b21 levels in NDEVs, while no differences were observed across groups in serum or total EVs. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis demonstrated outstanding performance in differentiating PSP from non\u2010PSP patients (TGF\u03b21, area under the curve [AUC]: 0.97; LAP\u2010TGF\u03b21, AUC: 1.00), HC, AUC: 1.00).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study highlights TGF\u03b21 and LAP\u2010TGF\u03b21 in NDEVs as promising blood\u2010based non\u2010invasive biomarkers for PSP diagnosis, paving the way for further research on these proteins in PSP. \u00a9 2025 The Author(s). <jats:italic>Movement Disorders<\/jats:italic> published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.30222","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,3]],"date-time":"2025-05-03T01:22:18Z","timestamp":1746235338000},"page":"1420-1426","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Neuronally\u2010Derived Extracellular Vesicles Transforming Growth Factor Beta\u20101 Levels in Progressive Supranuclear Palsy"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"40","author":[{"given":"Selena","family":"Mimmi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Neuroscience Research Center, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro  Catanzaro Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Elvira Immacolata","family":"Parrotta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro  Catanzaro 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