{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T17:11:30Z","timestamp":1791911490822,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":57,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,24]],"date-time":"2025-09-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1758672000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,24]],"date-time":"2025-09-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1758672000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000065","name":"National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01NS130066"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01NS130066"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000065","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["movementdisorders.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Movement Disorders"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Deep brain stimulation (DBS) can effectively ameliorate motor symptoms in Parkinson's disease (PD), but patient outcomes remain variable. Clinical predictors lack reliability and only explain a small proportion of outcome variance, outlining a need for biomarkers that can enhance prediction accuracy. Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) could address this, offering insight into the relative impact of functional brain health on DBS outcomes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Preoperative resting\u2010state fMRI was retrospectively collected for 120 patients with PD and DBS targeting the subthalamic nucleus or pallidum. Motor network connectivity was computed, and clinical predictors extracted including age, sex, target, hemisphere treated, and preoperative medication responsiveness. Pre\u2010to\u2010post changes in antiparkinson medications defined outcomes. Regression analysis selected important connectivity features and evaluated additional outcome variance explained by fMRI when combined with clinical predictors. Last, classification analysis assessed fMRI feature specificity to PD compared to Huntington's disease and healthy controls.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Alongside clinical predictors, fMRI features explained more outcome variance (\n                      <jats:italic>R<\/jats:italic>\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      <jats:sub>adjusted<\/jats:sub>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.36) than clinical predictors alone (\n                      <jats:italic>R<\/jats:italic>\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      <jats:sub>adjusted<\/jats:sub>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.13). Five connectivity pairs bridging the cortico\u2013basal ganglia\u2013cerebellar network were predictive of outcomes and distinguished PD from controls and Huntington's disease with reasonable accuracy (67% and 73%). Exploratory analysis revealed that intracerebellar connectivity, although a less stable predictor of DBS outcomes, dramatically increased PD classification accuracy (\u226598%).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Patient\u2010specific motor connectivity enhances DBS outcome prediction and could aid detection and monitoring of basal ganglia disorders. Future work will validate and extend our models for multi\u2010parameter MR prediction of standardized outcomes, toward the development of decision support tools for DBS. \u00a9 2025 The Author(s).\n                      <jats:italic>Movement Disorders<\/jats:italic>\n                      published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.70063","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,24]],"date-time":"2025-09-24T10:06:56Z","timestamp":1758708416000},"page":"168-178","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Preoperative Functional Connectivity Predicts Antiparkinson Drug Change after Deep Brain Stimulation"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"41","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6188-3906","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"David","family":"Mikhael","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging University of California, San Francisco  San Francisco California USA"},{"name":"UCSF\u2010UC Berkeley Joint PhD Program in Bioengineering, University of California, San Francisco  Berkeley California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Skyler","family":"Deutsch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging University of California, San Francisco  San Francisco California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Juhi","family":"Mehta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging University of California, San Francisco  San Francisco California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sarah","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology University of California, San Francisco  San Francisco California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John","family":"Kornak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics University of California, San Francisco  San Francisco California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Philip A.","family":"Starr","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UCSF\u2010UC Berkeley Joint PhD Program in Bioengineering, University of California, San Francisco  Berkeley California USA"},{"name":"Department of Neurological Surgery University of California, San Francisco  San Francisco California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jill L.","family":"Ostrem","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology University of California, San Francisco  San Francisco California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Doris D.","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UCSF\u2010UC Berkeley Joint PhD Program in Bioengineering, University of California, San Francisco  Berkeley California USA"},{"name":"Department of Neurological Surgery University of California, San Francisco  San Francisco California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ian O.","family":"Bledsoe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology University of California, San Francisco  San Francisco California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Melanie A.","family":"Morrison","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging University of California, San Francisco  San Francisco California USA"},{"name":"UCSF\u2010UC Berkeley Joint PhD Program in Bioengineering, University of California, San Francisco  Berkeley California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/joim.13541"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","first-page":"S32","article-title":"Problems with long\u2010term levodopa therapy for Parkinson's disease","volume":"17","author":"Marsden CD","year":"1994","journal-title":"Clin Neuropharmacol"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/pgmj.2003.013912"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0178984"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3171\/2018.8.JNS182081"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp-2013-306907"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/NRL.0b013e31822d1069"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.23294"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.21482"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2021\/4762027"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41582-018-0128-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/braincomms\/fcad171"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","article-title":"Functional connectivity in Parkinson's disease candidates for deep brain stimulation","volume":"8","author":"Albano L","year":"2022","journal-title":"NPJ Park Dis"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnins.2021.620750"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.28376"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fncom.2020.571527"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-025-60695-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.22340"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.29410"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/fcp.12646"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_22_1","article-title":"Long\u2010term Parkinson's disease quality of life after staged DBS: STN vs GPi and first vs second lead","volume":"6","author":"Cernera S","year":"2020","journal-title":"NPJ Park Dis"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/brain.2012.0073"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2018.01.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2517-6161.1996.tb02080.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2014.09.058"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2014.11.021"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2013.05.041"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sdata.2018.308"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_30_1","volume-title":"TRACK HD","author":"Tabrizi S","year":"2017"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.00281.2015"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.0431-18.2018"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnhum.2012.00155"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2011.01.017"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2014.00180"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaneurol.2017.4321"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.2003.032623"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mdc3.12004"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2019.09.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnana.2016.00029"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2020.116573"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3171\/2022.5.JNS22152"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3171\/2020.8.JNS201378"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1227\/NEU.0000000000000540"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415-015-7835-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nicl.2018.05.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.26199"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2010.11.074"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awz164"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0166-2236(89)90074-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/braincomms\/fcad282"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnins.2023.1113889"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jmri.29195"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000009364"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"ReidL StarrPA WangDD MorrisonMA.A novel framework architecture that ensures orientation safety in medical imaging software at compile time;2025.","DOI":"10.36227\/techrxiv.174319903.35909702\/v1"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.62.4.554"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.70.4.464"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.26827"}],"container-title":["Movement Disorders"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/movementdisorders.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/mds.70063","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/movementdisorders.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/mds.70063","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/movementdisorders.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/mds.70063","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,30]],"date-time":"2026-04-30T15:05:46Z","timestamp":1777561546000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/movementdisorders.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/mds.70063"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,24]]},"references-count":57,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/mds.70063"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/mds.70063","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0885-3185","1531-8257"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0885-3185","type":"print"},{"value":"1531-8257","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,24]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-04-30","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-09-11","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-09-24","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}