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Neuroinflammation in PD has been demonstrated in postmortem and neuroimaging studies; however, its relationship with constipation has not been investigated.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      We used\n                      <jats:sup>11<\/jats:sup>\n                      C\u2010PK11195 positron emission tomography (PET) to index neuroinflammation in a cohort of 27 people with early\u2010stage PD. The Gastrointestinal Dysfunction Scale for PD (GIDS\u2010PD) was used to assess gut symptom severity. Matched blood and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples were collected.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Higher GIDS\u2010PD constipation scores were associated with\n                      <jats:sup>11<\/jats:sup>\n                      C\u2010PK11195 binding in whole\u2010brain gray matter, frontal, parietal, temporal, and occipital lobes, and multiple subcortical and cortical regions. GIDS\u2010PD Constipation scores were also significantly associated with higher CSF lymphocyte count and blood T helper 1 (Th1) cell and Th17\u2010like Th1 cells.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Constipation in early PD is associated with widespread neuroinflammation, suggesting a possible mechanism underlying the association between constipation and faster PD progression. \u00a9 2025 The Author(s).\n                      <jats:italic>Movement Disorders<\/jats:italic>\n                      published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  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