{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,26]],"date-time":"2026-05-26T11:02:19Z","timestamp":1779793339247,"version":"3.53.1"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,29]],"date-time":"2026-01-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769644800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,29]],"date-time":"2026-01-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769644800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["movementdisorders.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Movement Disorders"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background and objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The Scale for the Assessment and Rating of Ataxia (SARA) is the primary outcome most frequently used in clinical trials involving hereditary ataxia patients. This systematic review and meta\u2010analysis aimed to quantify changes in SARA scores within placebo arms of these trials to better understand the placebo effect.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Placebo arm data were collected from clinical trials on hereditary ataxias via PubMed and\n                      <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" xlink:href=\"http:\/\/clinicaltrials.gov\">ClinicalTrials.gov<\/jats:ext-link>\n                      . Heterogeneity was assessed with funnel plots. A random\u2010effects meta\u2010analysis was conducted on trials providing variance data. The influence of covariates such as trial duration, continent, intervention type, publication date, and trial result was evaluated.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Thirty\u2010four trials with placebo arms, including patients with spinocerebellar ataxias and Friedreich's ataxia, were identified. Trial durations ranged from 1 to 52\u2009weeks. Thirty\u2010seven assessment points were included in the meta\u2010analysis, revealing substantial heterogeneity (\n                      <jats:italic>I<\/jats:italic>\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      \u2009=\u200994%). Placebo response differed significantly by continent, with European trials showing minimal effect (0.01 [\u22120.35; 0.37]) and Asian trials the largest effect (\u22120.85 [\u22121.13; \u22120.58]). Intervention type also impacted placebo response, with device interventions exhibiting the strongest effect (\u22120.84 [\u22121.60; \u22120.08]). Trial duration showed no statistically significant effect; however, a trend of decreasing placebo effect over time was observed.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The analysis indicates a measurable placebo effect on SARA scores. Both intervention type and geographic region significantly influenced the strength of this effect, suggesting roles for patient expectations and cultural factors. Additionally, there was a trend toward reduction of placebo response as trial duration increased. \u00a9 2026 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.70151","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,30]],"date-time":"2026-01-30T05:54:33Z","timestamp":1769752473000},"page":"1061-1068","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Quantifying Placebo Effects in Hereditary Ataxia Trials: A Meta\u2010Analysis of Scale for the Assessment and Rating of Ataxia (\n                    <scp>SARA)<\/scp>\n                    Score Changes"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"41","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-0602-7122","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Emilien","family":"Petit","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut du Cerveau\u2010Paris Brain Institute\u2010ICM, CNRS, Inria, Inserm, AP\u2010HP, Groupe Hospitalier Sorbonne Universit\u00e9 Sorbonne Universit\u00e9  Paris France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adonis","family":"Beaubois\u2010Gandoin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut du Cerveau\u2010Paris Brain Institute\u2010ICM, CNRS, Inria, Inserm, AP\u2010HP, Groupe Hospitalier Sorbonne Universit\u00e9 Sorbonne Universit\u00e9  Paris France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexandra","family":"Durr","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut du Cerveau\u2010Paris Brain Institute\u2010ICM, CNRS, Inria, Inserm, AP\u2010HP, Groupe Hospitalier Sorbonne Universit\u00e9 Sorbonne Universit\u00e9  Paris France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2866-4330","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sophie Tezenas","family":"du Montcel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut du Cerveau\u2010Paris Brain Institute\u2010ICM, CNRS, Inria, Inserm, AP\u2010HP, Groupe Hospitalier Sorbonne Universit\u00e9 Sorbonne Universit\u00e9  Paris France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7824-8343","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Giulia","family":"Coarelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut du Cerveau\u2010Paris Brain Institute\u2010ICM, CNRS, Inria, Inserm, AP\u2010HP, Groupe Hospitalier Sorbonne Universit\u00e9 Sorbonne Universit\u00e9  Paris France"},{"name":"Genetics Department, University Hospital Piti\u00e9\u2010Salp\u00eatri\u00e8re AP\u2010HP Sorbonne Universit\u00e9  Paris France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","volume-title":"StatPearls","author":"Williams CT","year":"2024"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","volume-title":"StatPearls","author":"Bhandari 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