{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]],"date-time":"2026-09-25T15:01:16Z","timestamp":1790348476779,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":68,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,6]],"date-time":"2026-01-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767657600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,6]],"date-time":"2026-01-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767657600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001659","name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["62061136001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["62061136001"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001659","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["movementdisorders.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Movement Disorders"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Accurate temporal prediction, essential for adaptive motor behavior, relies on corticobasal ganglia circuits. In Parkinson's disease (PD), both motor and non\u2010motor functions are impaired. Deep brain stimulation (DBS) of the subthalamic nucleus (STN) effectively alleviates motor symptoms, but its effects on non\u2010motor domains, like temporal prediction, remain less understood.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study aimed to investigate how STN\u2010DBS influences temporal prediction performance and its underlying oscillatory dynamics in PD patients, with a particular focus on beta band power and delta band inter\u2010trial phase consistency (ITPC).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Thirteen PD patients (5 female, age: 64\u2009\u00b1 5.7\u2009years; disease duration: 11.8\u2009\u00b1\u20091.8\u2009years) with STN\u2010DBS performed a temporal prediction task with (DBS ON) and without (DBS OFF) stimulation, while 64\u2010channel EEG was recorded. Twenty age\u2010matched healthy controls completed the same task. Behavioral performance was assessed using psychometric functions and time\u2013frequency analyses of electroencephalography (EEG) data on sensor and source\u2010level examined beta power and delta ITPC.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>PD patients showed impaired temporal prediction, but DBS improved performance to a level comparable with controls. EEG revealed reduced beta suppression in PD patients during DBS OFF, while beta suppression in DBS ON was comparable with controls. Both DBS OFF and ON exhibited reduced delta ITPC compared with controls. In DBS ON, source\u2010level delta ITPC was positively correlated with temporal prediction accuracy.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      STN\u2010DBS improves temporal prediction performance in PD, likely through modulation of beta and delta oscillatory activity. However, while DBS effectively improves behavioral performance, oscillatory mechanisms underlying temporal prediction remain only partially restored. \u00a9 2026 The Author(s).\n                      <jats:italic>Movement Disorders<\/jats:italic>\n                      published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.70165","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,6]],"date-time":"2026-01-06T14:26:50Z","timestamp":1767709610000},"page":"992-1003","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Modulation of Non\u2010Rhythmic Temporal Prediction by Subthalamic Nucleus Deep Brain Stimulation (\n                    <scp>STN<\/scp>\n                    \u2010\n                    <scp>DBS)<\/scp>\n                    in Parkinson's Disease"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"41","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-2993-7687","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rebecca","family":"Burke","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurophysiology and Pathophysiology University Medical Center Hamburg\u2010Eppendorf  Hamburg Germany"},{"name":"Hamburg Center of Neural and Cognitive Systems University Medical Center Hamburg\u2010Eppendorf  Hamburg Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marleen J.","family":"Schoenfeld","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurophysiology and Pathophysiology University Medical Center Hamburg\u2010Eppendorf  Hamburg Germany"},{"name":"Hamburg Center of Neural and Cognitive Systems University Medical Center Hamburg\u2010Eppendorf  Hamburg Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christian K.E.","family":"Moll","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurophysiology and Pathophysiology University Medical Center Hamburg\u2010Eppendorf  Hamburg Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0538-5109","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alessandro","family":"Gulberti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology University Medical Center Hamburg\u2010Eppendorf  Hamburg Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7680-2147","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Monika","family":"P\u00f6tter\u2010Nerger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology University Medical Center Hamburg\u2010Eppendorf  Hamburg Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andreas K.","family":"Engel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurophysiology and Pathophysiology University Medical Center Hamburg\u2010Eppendorf  Hamburg 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