{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,21]],"date-time":"2026-10-21T15:45:42Z","timestamp":1792597542748,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":15,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,23]],"date-time":"2026-02-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1771804800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,23]],"date-time":"2026-02-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1771804800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["U20A20355"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["U20A20355"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82202051"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82202051"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82171256"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82171256"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82571629"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82571629"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82394421"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82394421"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004735","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2021JJ40819"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021JJ40819"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004735","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["movementdisorders.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Movement Disorders"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      A variable number tandem repeat (VNTR) expansion in\n                      <jats:italic>HSF1<\/jats:italic>\n                      has recently been linked to essential tremor (ET).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      We analyzed the VNTR in an existing HiFi cohort (n\u2009=\u2009159) and subsequently in an expanded prospective case\u2013control cohort (n\u2009=\u20092121) using fluorescent polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Ten size\u2010matched case\u2013control pairs were newly HiFi\u2010sequenced to further characterize sequence details. A gene\u2010burden analysis of\n                      <jats:italic>HSF1<\/jats:italic>\n                      used retrospective whole\u2010genome sequencing data (n\u2009=\u20095147).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Fluorescent PCR genotyping showed no case\u2013control difference in VNTR length distribution (range: 135\u2013847\u2009bp;\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.63) and no association with disease status (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.93). HiFi sequencing of existing (n\u2009=\u2009159) and new (n\u2009=\u200920) samples identified two core VNTR motifs (13\u2010bp [CCGCNCCGCCTCC]n and 8\u2010bp [CCGCCTCC]n), but no significant case\u2013control differences in fine\u2010scale sequence composition. Gene\u2010burden analysis showed no enrichment of rare damaging coding variants in ET.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Our data do not support\n                      <jats:italic>HSF1<\/jats:italic>\n                      VNTR or rare damaging coding variants as major risk factors for ET. \u00a9 2026 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.70243","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,8]],"date-time":"2026-03-08T12:27:51Z","timestamp":1772972871000},"page":"2767-2772","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Association Analysis of\n                    <scp>\n                      <i>HSF1<\/i>\n                    <\/scp>\n                    Variable Number Tandem Repeat Expansion and Coding Variants with Essential Tremor Risk in a Large Cohort"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"41","author":[{"given":"Sheng","family":"Zeng","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Geriatrics, The Second Xiangya Hospital Central South University  Changsha China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuwen","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital Central South University  Changsha China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dong","family":"Chang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Multi\u2010Omics Research Center for Brain Disorders University of South China  Hengyang China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuzheng","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Multi\u2010Omics Research Center for Brain Disorders University of South China  Hengyang China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-4127-847X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mingqiang","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Multi\u2010Omics Research Center for Brain Disorders University of South China  Hengyang China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2120-1576","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Beisha","family":"Tang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital Central South University  Changsha China"},{"name":"Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Multi\u2010Omics Research Center for Brain Disorders University of South China  Hengyang China"},{"name":"National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital Central South University  Changsha China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2031-8345","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Qiying","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital Central South University  Changsha China"},{"name":"National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital Central South University  Changsha China"},{"name":"Department of Geriatric Neurology, Xiangya Hospital Central South University  Changsha China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"name":"China Essential Tremor Alliance (CETA)","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5334\/tohm.632"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.27121"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41572-021-00314-w"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/erm.2019.7"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5334\/tohm.67"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awz372"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awaf241"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.70106"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41587-023-02057-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5334\/tohm.885"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnagi.2021.749109"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2017.07.014"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMcp1707928"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2024.106086"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/b978-0-444-63233-3.00015-4"}],"container-title":["Movement 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