{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T02:45:11Z","timestamp":1791945911435,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,5]],"date-time":"2026-03-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772668800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,5]],"date-time":"2026-03-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772668800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["62373108"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["62373108"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["movementdisorders.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Movement Disorders"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Cervical dystonia (CD) originates in dysfunctional sensorimotor integration, creating an urgent need for neuromodulatory interventions that recalibrate pathological corticomuscular circuits.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The aim of this study was to investigate whether median nerve electrical stimulation (MNES) can serve as a novel, noninvasive therapy that specifically targets the abnormal corticomuscular network.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We investigated high\u2010density electroencephalography combined with synchronized electromyography (EMG) recordings from 17 patients and 17 healthy control subjects during MNES and sensory trick (ST) tasks. Source\u2010localized cortical activity and muscle signals were integrated into a directional corticomuscular network, with connectivity quantified by phase transfer entropy.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>MNES selectively suppressed pathological 4 to 8\u2009Hz intermuscular coupling in patients, reorganized aberrant muscle synergy, and drove frequency\u2010specific network reorganization: reduced beta\u2010band outflow, decreased clustering coefficients, and prolonged the shortest path lengths across multiple frequency bands. Crucially, MNES enhanced hemispheric asymmetry in primary sensory cortex, supplementary motor area, and cerebellum. Operating predominantly in theta\/alpha bands, MNES contrasted sharply with ST's gamma\u2010band modulation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>These findings demonstrate that MNES restores corticomuscular network dynamics through multilever reconfiguration, attenuating pathological synchrony while facilitating adaptive circuit plasticity, thereby validating directed network analysis as a framework for circuit\u2010targeted neuromodulation in movement disorders. \u00a9 2026 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.70260","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,8]],"date-time":"2026-03-08T19:08:34Z","timestamp":1772996914000},"page":"1391-1401","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Reorganization of Directed Corticomuscular Network via Median Nerve Stimulation in Cervical Dystonia"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"41","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-0674-1032","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ru\u2010Kai","family":"Chen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital Fujian Medical University  Fuzhou China"},{"name":"Department of Neurology, National Regional Medical Center, Binhai Campus of the First Affiliated Hospital Fujian Medical University  Fuzhou China"},{"name":"Fujian Key Laboratory of Molecular Neurology Fujian Medical University  Fuzhou 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