{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,22]],"date-time":"2026-07-22T00:07:04Z","timestamp":1784678824223,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,30]],"date-time":"2026-03-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1774828800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,30]],"date-time":"2026-03-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1774828800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["movementdisorders.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Movement Disorders"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Spastic paresis, resulting from central nervous system lesions, significantly impairs functional performance. In the framework of the International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health, functional performance was defined as functioning at the activity level in relation to the impairment of body functions and structures, that is, symptoms of spastic paresis syndrome. Reliable clinical outcome assessments (COAs) for functional performance evaluation are needed.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This systematic review evaluates the clinimetric properties of functional performance COAs in spastic paresis and provides recommendations for their use.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A literature search identified relevant COAs, which were systematically assessed by an international expert panel and classified as \u201crecommended,\u201d \u201crecommended with caveats,\u201d \u201csuggested,\u201d or \u201clisted\u201d following the Movement Disorder Society\u2010COA methodology.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Seventy\u2010one COAs were identified, and 14 COAs used in over 2% of studies were reviewed. Five COAs assessing lower limb functional performance met the \u201crecommended\u201d criteria, whereas none of the upper limb COAs met the criteria for \u201crecommended.\u201d Two upper\u2010limb COAs were evaluated as \u201crecommended with caveats.\u201d<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Two variants of the 10\u2010Meter Walk Test, along with the 2\u2010Minute or 6\u2010Minute Walk Test (to account for fatigability), are recommended for assessing lower limb functional performance in patients with spastic paresis. The Wisconsin Gait Scale is recommended, although its clinical feasibility is limited. For the upper limb, the 13\u2010item Arm Motor Ability Test and the Modified Frenchay Scale are classified as \u201crecommended with caveats\u201d because of identified limitations. Establishing consistent scoring guidelines and standardized protocols will be essential to enhance their clinical applicability and diffusion. \u00a9 2026 The Author(s).\n                      <jats:italic>Movement Disorders<\/jats:italic>\n                      published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.70288","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,30]],"date-time":"2026-03-30T10:15:46Z","timestamp":1774865746000},"page":"1623-1647","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Clinical Outcome Assessments for Functional Performance in Spastic Paresis: Systematic Review, Critique, and Recommendations"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"41","author":[{"given":"Martina","family":"Hoskovcova","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology and Centre of Clinical Neuroscience, First Faculty of Medicine Charles University  Prague Czech Republic"},{"name":"Department of Neurology General University Hospital in Prague  Prague Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marjolaine","family":"Baude","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Archet Hospital University Hospital Centre of Nice  Nice France"},{"name":"BIOTN Laboratory, Research Unit 7377 University of Paris\u2010Est Cr\u00e9teil  Cr\u00e9teil France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bo","family":"Biering\u2010S\u00f8rensen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurological Department Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet Glostrup  Glostrup Denmark"},{"name":"Department of Public Health, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences University of Copenhagen  Copenhagen Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ota","family":"Gal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology and Centre of Clinical Neuroscience, First Faculty of Medicine Charles University  Prague Czech Republic"},{"name":"Department of Neurology General University Hospital in Prague  Prague Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0045-7978","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mary P","family":"Galea","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine (Royal Melbourne Hospital) The University of Melbourne  Melbourne Victoria Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jean\u2010Michel","family":"Gracies","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"BIOTN Laboratory, Research Unit 7377 University of Paris\u2010Est Cr\u00e9teil  Cr\u00e9teil France"},{"name":"Bastia Hospital University of Corsica, Neurorehabilitation Department  Bastia France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3829-0675","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carmen","family":"Rodriguez\u2010Blazquez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Centre of Epidemiology Institute of Health Carlos III  Madrid Spain"},{"name":"CIBERNED Institute of Health Carlos III  Madrid Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Theodore","family":"Wein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Stroke Prevention Clinic McGill University Health Centre  Montreal Quebec Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michelle Hyczy de Siqueira","family":"Tosin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurological Sciences Rush University Medical Center  Chicago Illinois USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"\u00c1lvaro","family":"S\u00e1nchez\u2010Ferro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CIBERNED Institute of Health Carlos III  Madrid Spain"},{"name":"Movement Disorders Unit, Neurology Department Hospital Universitario Instituto de Investigacion Sanitaria (imas12) 12 de Octubre  Madrid Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tiago A","family":"Mestre","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Parkinson's Disease and Movement Disorders Clinic, Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine The Ottawa Hospital Research Institute  Ottawa Ontario Canada"},{"name":"University of Ottawa Brain and Mind Institute  Ottawa Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matej","family":"Skorvanek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology P. 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