{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,12]],"date-time":"2026-10-12T07:48:49Z","timestamp":1791791329508,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,13]],"date-time":"2026-04-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1776038400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,13]],"date-time":"2026-04-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1776038400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000864","name":"Michael J. Fox Foundation for Parkinson's Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["010551"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["010551"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000864","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["movementdisorders.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Movement Disorders"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The\n                      <jats:italic>GBA1<\/jats:italic>\n                      gene encodes the lysosomal enzyme glucocerebrosidase (GCase). Parkinson's disease (PD) patients carrying a\n                      <jats:italic>GBA1<\/jats:italic>\n                      variant (GBA\u2010PD) exhibit faster cognitive decline, linked to cholinergic degeneration.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The aim was to investigate whether GCase activity, measured in monocytes, correlates with cognitive dysfunction or regional brain cholinergic innervation in early\u2010stage PD patients.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      A total of 137 PD patients underwent a complete neuropsychological assessment, blood sampling, brain magnetic resonance imaging, and\n                      <jats:sup>18<\/jats:sup>\n                      F\u2010fluoroethoxybenzovesamicol positron emission tomography (PET). Monocytic GCase activity was quantified using flow cytometry with the substrate 5\u2010pentafluorobenzoylamino fluorescein di\u2010\u03b2\u2010\n                      <jats:sc>d<\/jats:sc>\n                      \u2010glucopyranoside.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Monocytes from GBA\u2010PD (n\u2009=\u200942) patients exhibited significant lower GCase activity (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.007) compared to those from non\u2010GBA\u2010PD individuals (n\u2009=\u200995). However, GCase activity did not correlate with cognition. Similarly, voxel\u2010wise and volume\u2010of\u2010interest PET analyses did not reveal associations with monocytic GCase activity.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Monocytic GCase activity does not appear to be a reliable biomarker for cognitive decline in early\u2010stage PD and is not linked to regional cholinergic denervation. Peripheral measurements do not reflect central processes underlying cholinergic dysfunction. \u00a9 2026 The Author(s).\n                      <jats:italic>Movement Disorders<\/jats:italic>\n                      published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.70292","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,13]],"date-time":"2026-04-13T09:32:49Z","timestamp":1776072769000},"page":"2506-2511","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Associations of Monocyte Glucocerebrosidase with Cognition and Cholinergic Innervation in\n                    <scp>\n                      <i>GBA1<\/i>\n                    <\/scp>\n                    Parkinson's Disease"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"41","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7443-4918","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sofie","family":"Slingerland","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen  Groningen The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4244-369X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sygrid","family":"van der Zee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen  Groningen The Netherlands"},{"name":"Department of Neurology, Division of Clinical Neuropsychology University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen  Groningen The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3664-1382","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sven C.D.","family":"van Ijzendoorn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Sciences University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen  Groningen The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anne C.","family":"Slomp","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen  Groningen The Netherlands"},{"name":"Department of Neurology, Division of Clinical Neuropsychology University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen  Groningen The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jeffrey M.","family":"Boertien","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen  Groningen The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sanne K.","family":"Meles","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen  Groningen The Netherlands"},{"name":"Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen  Groningen The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Arjan","family":"Kol","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ardena Bioanalysis  Assen The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marie","family":"Geerlings","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ardena Bioanalysis  Assen The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Teus","family":"van Laar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen  Groningen The 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