{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,22]],"date-time":"2026-07-22T00:07:04Z","timestamp":1784678824218,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":78,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,9]],"date-time":"2026-04-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775692800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,9]],"date-time":"2026-04-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775692800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["movementdisorders.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Movement Disorders"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Most genetic studies on Parkinson's disease (PD) have been conducted in populations of European descent. The African population is under\u2010represented in PD genetics research. The aim of this systematic review is to give a comprehensive and up\u2010to\u2010date overview of monogenic PD in Africa.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A systematic literature search was conducted across PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases until July 2025. Studies that analyzed at least one of 13 well\u2010established monogenic PD genes in individuals of African ancestry were included. Data were analyzed separately in North African (NA) and Sub\u2010Saharan African (SSA) countries.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Among 6303 PD patients from 64 included studies, 720 (11.42%) were diagnosed with monogenic PD caused by 34 (likely) pathogenic variants in 7 genes. Autosomal dominant\n                      <jats:italic>LRRK2<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2010related PD was by far the most common diagnosis observed in 641 patients (10.17%) and nearly exclusively driven by the p.(Gly2019Ser) founder variant in NA with a weighted pooled prevalence of 28% (95% CI, 19%\u201337%). Autosomal recessive PD linked to\n                      <jats:italic>PINK1<\/jats:italic>\n                      (0.57%) or\n                      <jats:italic>PRKN<\/jats:italic>\n                      (0.32%) and autosomal dominant\n                      <jats:italic>GBA1<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2010related PD (0.29%) were rare and showed no strong differences between NA and SSA.\n                      <jats:italic>ATP13A2<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2010,\n                      <jats:italic>SYNJ1<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2010, and\n                      <jats:italic>PARK7<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2010related autosomal recessive (atypical) PD was very rare (0.08%) and only observed in NA.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Monogenic PD in Africa shows allelic and locus heterogeneity with a very strong contribution of the\n                      <jats:italic>LRRK2<\/jats:italic>\n                      p.(Gly2019Ser) founder variant in NA. Notably, in more than 98% of SSA PD patients no molecular cause was found. Next\u2010generation sequencing\u2010based technology could uncover novel causative variants that may be specific to these populations. \u00a9 2026 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.70302","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,10]],"date-time":"2026-04-10T05:35:18Z","timestamp":1775799318000},"page":"1648-1660","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Genetic Landscape of Monogenic Parkinson's Disease in the African Population\u2014A Systematic Review"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"41","author":[{"given":"Zelalem","family":"Banjaw","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences Ghent University  Ghent Belgium"},{"name":"Center for Medical Genetics Ghent University Hospital  Ghent Belgium"},{"name":"Department of 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