{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]],"date-time":"2026-08-27T03:17:58Z","timestamp":1787800678710,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,10]],"date-time":"2026-05-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1778371200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,10]],"date-time":"2026-05-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1778371200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000038","name":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["RGPIN\u20102022\u2010034638"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RGPIN\u20102022\u2010034638"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000038","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001804","name":"Canada Research Chairs","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CRC\u20102020\u201000079"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CRC\u20102020\u201000079"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001804","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002347","name":"Bundesministerium f\u00fcr Bildung und Forschung","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002347","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100013278","name":"EU Joint Programme \u2013 Neurodegenerative Disease Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100013278","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000001","name":"National Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["EEC\u20101460674"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["EEC\u20101460674"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000001","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000065","name":"National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01NS056307"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01NS056307"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000065","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000065","name":"National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01NS080816"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01NS080816"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000065","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000065","name":"National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["U01 NS104326"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["U01 NS104326"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000065","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["movementdisorders.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Movement Disorders"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Spinocerebellar ataxia type 3 (SCA3) is a rare, inherited neurodegenerative disease characterized by progressive loss of motor coordination.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We undertook a multisite magnetic resonance imaging study to profile the spatial spread of atrophy across the brain, determine whether atrophy preferentially maps onto specific functional networks, and investigate the relationship between cerebellar and cerebral atrophy.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Whole\u2010brain grey and white matter (GM and WM) voxel\u2010based morphometry was performed on 408 individuals with SCA3 (82 pre\u2010ataxic) and 293 controls. The SCA3 cohort was stratified by ataxia severity to study progression. Cerebellar GM atrophy was mapped onto a task\u2010based functional atlas. Cerebrocerebellar volumetric covariance was assessed to determine whether cerebral and cerebellar atrophy were coupled.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The atrophy pattern is spatially consistent but progressive in magnitude across the disease course. The greatest atrophy (Cohen's\n                      <jats:italic>d<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&gt;\u20091.5) occurred in the pons, cerebellar WM, and cerebellar peduncles; correlations with ataxia severity and duration were also strongest (\u22120.4\u2009&gt;\u2009\n                      <jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&gt;\u2009\u22120.65) in those regions. Cerebellar GM atrophy was greatest (\n                      <jats:italic>d<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009\u2245\u20090.7) in functional regions associated with motor planning\/execution, attention, and emotional processing. Sparse cerebral cortical atrophy appears only in the most severe disease subgroup, while striatal atrophy begins in the earliest stages but does not worsen with increasing clinical severity. Reduced cerebrocerebellar volumetric covariance is observed in SCA3 participants versus controls.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Cerebellar and brainstem atrophy underlies greater ataxia severity in SCA3, but the spatial pattern of structural changes remains relatively consistent across the course of the disease. Cerebellar GM atrophy is spatially non\u2010uniform, and occurs maximally in regions consistent with the motor and cognitive clinical presentation of SCA3. Cerebellar atrophy is not mirrored by corresponding cerebral structural changes. \u00a9 2026 The Author(s).\n                      <jats:italic>Movement Disorders<\/jats:italic>\n                      published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.70349","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,11]],"date-time":"2026-05-11T06:01:03Z","timestamp":1778479263000},"page":"2143-2154","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["A Severity\u2010Agnostic Atrophy Pattern in Spinocerebellar Ataxia Type 3: Volumetrics from\n                    <scp>ENIGMA<\/scp>\n                    \u2010Ataxia"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"41","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0579-0403","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jason W.","family":"Robertson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Computer Science Dalhousie University  Halifax Nova Scotia Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1402-5877","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Isaac","family":"Adanyeguh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, Center for Magnetic Resonance Research University of Minnesota Medical School  Minneapolis Minnesota USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6442-1205","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"David J.","family":"Arpin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Applied Physiology &amp; Kinesiology University of Florida  Gainesville Florida USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tetsuo","family":"Ashizawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Weill Cornell Medicine at Houston Methodist Research Institute  Houston Texas USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3205-4631","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Benjamin","family":"Bender","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology University Hospital T\u00fcbingen  T\u00fcbingen Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9336-9568","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fernando","family":"Cendes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas  Campinas Brazil"},{"name":"Brazilian Institute of Neuroscience and Neurotechnology (BRAINN), School of Medical Sciences University of Campinas  Campinas Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xi","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"7T Magnetic Resonance Imaging Translational Medical Center, Department of Radiology, Southwest Hospital Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University)  Chongqing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giulia","family":"Coarelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sorbonne Universit\u00e9, Paris Brain Institute (ICM), Piti\u00e9\u2010Salp\u00eatri\u00e8re Hospital, AP\u2010HP, INSERM, CNRS University Hospital Piti\u00e9\u2010Salp\u00eatri\u00e8re  Paris France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"L\u00e9o","family":"Coutinho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Post\u2010Graduate Program of Internal Medicine, Internal Medicine Department, Hospital de Cl\u00ednicas Federal University of Paran\u00e1  Curitiba 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(ICM), Piti\u00e9\u2010Salp\u00eatri\u00e8re Hospital, AP\u2010HP, INSERM, CNRS University Hospital Piti\u00e9\u2010Salp\u00eatri\u00e8re  Paris France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jennifer","family":"Faber","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE)  Bonn Germany"},{"name":"Department of Parkinson's Disease Sleep and Movement Disorders, Center of Neurology, University Hospital Bonn  Bonn Germany"},{"name":"Department of Neuroradiology University Hospital Bonn  Bonn Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"name":"for the ESMI MR Study Group","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Juan","family":"Fernandez\u2010Ruiz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neuropsychology Laboratory, Department of Physiology Faculty of Medicine, National Autonomous University of Mexico  Mexico City 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