{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,29]],"date-time":"2026-10-29T17:36:10Z","timestamp":1793295370092,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,27]],"date-time":"2026-07-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785110400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,27]],"date-time":"2026-07-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785110400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["movementdisorders.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Movement Disorders"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Functional motor disorders (FMD) are disabling conditions modulated by attentional demands. Immersive virtual reality (iVR) engages multiple attentional and sensory networks, but its application in people with FMD (PwFMD) remains limited.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We investigated whether iVR modulates spatiotemporal gait parameters in PwFMD differently from people with Parkinson's disease (PwPD) and healthy controls (HC).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Wearable insoles tracked spatiotemporal gait parameters in the PwFMD (n\u2009=\u200930), the PwPD (n\u2009=\u200932), and HCs (n\u2009=\u200942) across three real\u2010world (C1\u2013C3) and three iVR (C4\u2013C6) walking conditions with increasing cognitive and sensory load. Discriminative performance was evaluated using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis, whereas group and condition effects were examined using repeated\u2010measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) adjusted for age, sex, and body mass index (BMI). The dual\u2010task effect (DTE) quantified the impact of cognitive load.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      In the iVR condition (C4\u2013C6), gait speed, stride length, and swing\u2010time variability discriminated both PwFMD and PwPD from the HCs with good accuracy (AUC\u2009&gt;\u20090.8), particularly under higher dual\u2010task load (C5 and C6), whereas no parameter reliably differentiated the PwFMD from the PwPD using ROC analysis (AUC\u2009&lt;\u20090.7). Adjusted ANOVA revealed significant group \u00d7 condition interactions for multiple gait parameters (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.05). DTE analysis revealed distinct responses to cognitive load: dual\u2010task cost was greater in PwPD than in PwFMD, which was often comparable to the HCs, particularly under cognitive dual\u2010task conditions (C3 and C6).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      iVR revealed context\u2010dependent gait abnormalities and differential responses to cognitive load in PwFMD and PwPD, which suggests its use as a paradigm to probe underlying mechanisms. \u00a9 2026 The Author(s).\n                      <jats:italic>Movement Disorders<\/jats:italic>\n                      published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.70444","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,27]],"date-time":"2026-07-27T07:50:36Z","timestamp":1785138636000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Why Use Immersive Virtual Reality to Assess Gait in Functional Motor Disorders?"],"prefix":"10.1002","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0877-4807","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marialuisa","family":"Gandolfi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences University of Verona  Verona Italy"},{"name":"Neuromotor and Cognitive Rehabilitation Research Centre (CRRNC) University of Verona  Verona Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9895-6403","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chiara","family":"Bonetto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department 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