{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,2]],"date-time":"2026-10-02T02:50:18Z","timestamp":1790909418598,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":13,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2004,10,12]],"date-time":"2004-10-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1097539200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":6494,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Movement Disorders"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1987,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>The dynamics of postural control of the head were investigated in normal human subjects and patients with neurological disease. The technique adopted was to measure the head movements provoked by passive, unpredictable oscillations of the trunk in the frequency range 0\u20136\u20137 Hz when subjects were required (a) to try to stabilise their head \u201cin space\u201d and (b) to try to make their heads move \u201cen bloc\u201d with the trunk. Head movement responses were characterised by the gain and phase with respect to trunk movement (transfer function) and degree of linear relationship between head and trunk (coherence). The normal transfer function approximated a cascade of two secondorder, underdamped, systems representing the passive inertial, viscous, and elastic properties of the muscle and joints of the head and neck. Stabilisation of the head \u201cin space\u201d produced about 40% reduction in transmission of body movement, was only evident at frequencies &lt;1 Hz and was affected partly by voluntary movements. An alabyrinthine patient could also achieve some spatial stabilisation. The findings indicate a weak role for vestibular\u2010collic reflexes and emphasise that the primary control of head posture during unpredictable movement is through the tonic visco\u2010elastic properties of neck muscles that work to stabilise the head on the shoulders. In patients with dystonia of the nekc and essential and cerebellar head tremor, the dystonia could be measured in terms of visco\u2010elastic constants and damping ratios. The head movement of some tremor patients did not linearly follow the trunk movement, showing that the motion stimulus provoked abnormal phasic muscle activity at frequencies other than those of the tremor. The technique quantifies head control in movement disorders and is sensitive to abnormal function.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.870020304","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,1,1]],"date-time":"2005-01-01T06:59:21Z","timestamp":1104562761000},"page":"165-185","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":38,"title":["Stability of the head: Studies in normal subjects and in patients with labyrinthine disease, head tremor, and dystonia"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"2","author":[{"given":"Michael","family":"Gresty","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2004,10,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00319778"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.1986.56.3.857"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-94-009-8000-6_37"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.1981.tb30885.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"542","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.1978.41.3.542","article-title":"Effect of load disturbances during centrally initiated movements","volume":"41","author":"Bizzi E","year":"1978","journal-title":"J Neurophysiol"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00238201"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_2","first-page":"115","article-title":"Dynamics of head movements in normal humans induced by whole body oscillation","volume":"10","author":"Weinrich M","year":"1984","journal-title":"Soc Neurosci Abs"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_2","article-title":"Evidence for a vestibular input contributing to dynamic head stabilisation in man","volume":"103","author":"Bronstein AM","year":"1987","journal-title":"Acta Otolaryngol (Stockh)"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_2","first-page":"411","article-title":"Transmission of angular acceleration to the head in the seated human subject","volume":"45","author":"Barnes GR","year":"1974","journal-title":"Aerospace Med"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_2","unstructured":"WellsteadPE.Theory and statistical accuracy of spectral analysis. Farnborough UK: Solartron Instruments 1985; Tech Rep no. 009\/83."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01836124"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.1981.tb30899.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.42.8.705"}],"container-title":["Movement Disorders"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fmds.870020304","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/movementdisorders.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/mds.870020304","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,20]],"date-time":"2025-10-20T08:59:53Z","timestamp":1760950793000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/movementdisorders.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/mds.870020304"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1987,1]]},"references-count":13,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1987,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/mds.870020304"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/mds.870020304","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0885-3185","1531-8257"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0885-3185","type":"print"},{"value":"1531-8257","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1987,1]]}}}