{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]],"date-time":"2026-08-17T14:50:09Z","timestamp":1786978209084,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2004,10,12]],"date-time":"2004-10-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1097539200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":3937,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Movement Disorders"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1994,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The DYT1 gene on chromosome 9q34 underlies idiopathic torsion dystonia (ITD) in Jewish and non\u2010Jewish families with childhood and adolescent\u2010onset dystonia that usually starts in a limb, spreads to other limbs, and uncommonly involves cranial muscles. We examined 39 members of a Mennonite family of German ancestry in which seven were affected with ITD. Age at onset was 14.7 years (range 5\u201334 years) and symptoms began in a limb in four. The remaining three had onset in the neck, face, and larynx. Dystonia progressed to involve at least one arm and one leg in all seven and there was cranial involvement in six. Five of these six had moderate or severe speech impairment. Linkage analysis with 9q34 markers excluded the region containing the DYT1 locus in this family. This study suggests that a gene other than DYT1 underlies some cases of early limb\u2010onset ITD. The clinical features of prominent cranial involvement and impaired speech distinguish this \u201cnon\u2010DYT1\u201d early\u2010onset ITD family from the typical DYT1 phenotype.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.870090608","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2004,12,31]],"date-time":"2004-12-31T11:38:19Z","timestamp":1104493099000},"page":"626-632","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":32,"title":["Exclusion of the DYT1 locus in a non\u2010Jewish family with early\u2010onset dystonia"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Susan B.","family":"Bressman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ann L.","family":"Hunt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gary A.","family":"Heiman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mitchell F.","family":"Brin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert E.","family":"Burke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stanley","family":"Fahn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joel M.","family":"Trugman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Deborah","family":"de Leon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Patricia L.","family":"Kramer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kirk C.","family":"Wilhelmsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Torbjoern G.","family":"Nygaard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2004,10,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_2","first-page":"332","volume-title":"Movement disorders 2","author":"Fahn S","year":"1987"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.50.5_Suppl_5.S1"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_2","first-page":"77","article-title":"Dystonia musculorum deformans clinical, genetic and pathoanatomical studies","volume":"70","author":"Zeman W","year":"1967","journal-title":"Psychiatr Neurol Neurochir"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jmg.21.1.13"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.410260505"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_2","first-page":"533","article-title":"Segregation analysis of idiopathic torsion dystonia in Ashkenazi Jews suggests autosomal dominant inheritance","volume":"46","author":"Risch NJ","year":"1990","journal-title":"Am J Hum Genet"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.40.7.1107"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/113.2.379"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.870060406"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_2","first-page":"179","article-title":"X\u2010linked recessive dystonia and parkinsonism in Filipino males. [Abstract]","volume":"24","author":"Fahn S","year":"1988","journal-title":"Ann Neurol"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.410290203"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_13_2","first-page":"377","article-title":"Dopa\u2010responsive dystonia","volume":"50","author":"Nygaard TG","year":"1988","journal-title":"Adv Neurol"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.40.1.66"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.33.7.825"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_16_2","first-page":"391","article-title":"Hereditary myoclonic dystonia, herditary torsion dystonia and hereditary essential myoclonus an area of confusion","volume":"50","author":"Quinn NP","year":"1988","journal-title":"Adv Neurol"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ng1293-386"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1399-0004.1994.tb04000.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/97.1.793"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_20_2","unstructured":"GreenePE KangUJ FahnS. Spread of symptoms in idiopathic torsion dystonia.Mov Disord(in press)."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jmg.12.1.12"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0896-6273(89)90188-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.410270203"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_24_2","first-page":"619","article-title":"Strong allelic association between the torsion dystonia gene (DYT1) and loci on chromosome 9q34 in Ashkenazi Jews","volume":"50","author":"Ozelius L","year":"1992","journal-title":"Am J Hum Genet"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_25_2","unstructured":"BressmanSB de LeonD KramerPL et al. Dystonia in Ashkenazi Jews clinical characterization of a founder mutation.Ann Neurol(in press)."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/116.3.739"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.44.2.283"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.35.1.73"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_29_2","first-page":"967","article-title":"Dinucleotide repeat polymorphism at the ABL locus (9q34)","volume":"19","author":"Kwiatkowski DJ","year":"1991","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_30_2","first-page":"121","article-title":"Identification of a highly polymorphic microsatellite VNTR within the argininosuccinate synthetase locus exclusion of the dystonia gene on 9q32\u201034 as the cause of dopa\u2010responsive dystonia in a large kindred","volume":"48","author":"Kwiatkowski DJ","year":"1991","journal-title":"Am J Hum Genet"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0888-7543(92)90370-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_32_2","first-page":"967","article-title":"Dinucleotide repeat polymorphism at the GSN locus (9q32\u201034)","volume":"19","author":"Kwiatkowski DJ","year":"1991","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.81.11.3443"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_34_2","first-page":"252","article-title":"Faster sequential genetic linkage computations","volume":"53","author":"Cottingham RW","year":"1993","journal-title":"Am J Hum Genet"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_35_2","first-page":"1279","article-title":"An index marker map of chromosome 9 provides strong evidence for positive interference","volume":"53","author":"Kwiatkowski DJ","year":"1993","journal-title":"Am J Hum Genet"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000133566"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_37_2","unstructured":"KramerPL HeimanG GasserT et al. The DYT1 gene on 9q34 is responsible for most cases of early\u2010onset idiopathic torsion dystonia in non\u2010Jews.Am J Hum Genet(in press)."}],"container-title":["Movement Disorders"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fmds.870090608","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/movementdisorders.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/mds.870090608","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,20]],"date-time":"2025-10-20T14:07:54Z","timestamp":1760969274000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/movementdisorders.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/mds.870090608"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1994,1]]},"references-count":36,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1994,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/mds.870090608"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/mds.870090608","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0885-3185","1531-8257"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0885-3185","type":"print"},{"value":"1531-8257","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1994,1]]}}}