{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]],"date-time":"2026-08-17T14:49:52Z","timestamp":1786978192675,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2004,11,4]],"date-time":"2004-11-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1099526400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":2318,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Movement Disorders"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1998,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>There is little agreement on which outcome measures to use to express the efficacy of treatments for cervical dystonia. We analyzed change scores on various scales of 64 new patients with cervical dystonia before and after repeated injections with botulinum toxin.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Method: The association between change in impairment (Tsui), and change in pain (TWSTRS\u2010Pain) and functional health (TWSTRS\u2010D, MOS\u201020) was expressed in percentages of variance explained. Effect sizes of the outcome measures from patients who continued botulinum treatment and dropouts were compared. Performance of outcome measures to distinguish patients who continued treatment and dropouts was analyzed with ROC curves and areas under the curve (AUC).<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Results: Impairments explained \u2264 7% of the score variance in functional health. There were no differences between the effect sizes of impairment and pain of patients who continued treatment and dropouts (p &gt; 0.60). This suggests a poor reflection of the treatment efficacy by these outcome measures. Conversely, there were significant differences between the effect sizes of the functional status scales of the patients who continued treatment and the dropouts (p \u2264 0.01). ROC curve analysis showed that the disability, handicap, and global disease burden scale accurately distinguished between the two groups (AUCs &gt; 0.80). Impairments showed no discriminative accuracy (AUC = 0.46).<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Conclusion: Neurologic impairments have a small impact on the functional health of cervical dystonia patients. Disability, handicap, and a global measure of disease burden were the most suitable outcome parameters to express the clinical efficacy of botulinum therapy.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.870130417","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,5,28]],"date-time":"2005-05-28T20:46:41Z","timestamp":1117313201000},"page":"706-712","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":28,"title":["Treatment of cervical dystonia: A comparison of measures for outcome assessment"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Robert","family":"Lindeboom","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jeroen W. M.","family":"Brans","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Majid","family":"Aramideh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hans D.","family":"Speelman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rob J.","family":"De Haan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2004,11,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.870110404"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_2","volume-title":"International Classification of Impairments, Disabilities and Handicaps","author":"World Health Organization","year":"1980"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0277-9536(95)00116-O"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_1_5_2","first-page":"136","article-title":"Self\u2010assessment of disability in patients with torticollis [Abstract]","volume":"7","author":"Pirto\u0161ek Z","year":"1992","journal-title":"Mov Disord"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_1_6_2","first-page":"445","article-title":"The Toronto Western Spasmodic Torticollis Rating Scale (TWSTRS): assessment of validity and inter\u2010rater reliability [Abstract]","volume":"40","author":"Consky E","year":"1990","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_1_7_2","first-page":"136","article-title":"Validation of patients self assessment in botulinum treatment of spasmodic torticollis [Abstract]","volume":"7","author":"Lorentz I","year":"1992","journal-title":"Mov Disord"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"191","DOI":"10.2340\/1650197794191195","article-title":"Efficacy of botulinum toxin for cervical dystonia. A comparison of methods for evaluation","volume":"26","author":"Odergren T","year":"1994","journal-title":"Scand J Rehabil Med"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.870120117"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.39.1.80"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.53.8.640"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00002826-199008000-00011"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.51.7.920"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_14_2","first-page":"211","volume-title":"Therapy with Botulinum Toxin","author":"Consky ES","year":"1994"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_15_2","first-page":"113","volume-title":"Handbook of Botulinum Toxin Treatment","author":"Anderson TJ.","year":"1995"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.46.4.1066"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(86)92070-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00005650-198807000-00007"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1989.03430070055030"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.2466\/pr0.1991.69.1.127","article-title":"Single\u2010item vs multi\u2010item measures of health\u2010related quality of life","volume":"69","author":"Cunny KA","year":"1992","journal-title":"Psychol Rep"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00005650-198903001-00015"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0021-9681(86)90038-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1148\/radiology.148.3.6878708"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_24_2","first-page":"101","volume-title":"Practical Statistics for Medical Research","author":"Altman DG.","year":"1991"}],"container-title":["Movement Disorders"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fmds.870130417","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/movementdisorders.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/mds.870130417","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,20]],"date-time":"2025-10-20T13:23:22Z","timestamp":1760966602000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/movementdisorders.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/mds.870130417"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1998,7]]},"references-count":23,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1998,7]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/mds.870130417"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/mds.870130417","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0885-3185","1531-8257"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0885-3185","type":"print"},{"value":"1531-8257","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1998,7]]}}}