{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,28]],"date-time":"2026-09-28T23:42:04Z","timestamp":1790638924101,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,4]],"date-time":"2018-10-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1538611200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["movementdisorders.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Movement Disorders"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Around 50% of Parkinson's disease patients experience motor fluctuations after long\u2010term treatment with levodopa. These fluctuations may be accompanied by mood fluctuations. Routine cross\u2010sectional assessments cannot capture the extent of these motor and mood fluctuations and their possible associations. Experience sampling techniques that use frequently repeated measurements of symptoms over time are able to capture such fluctuations. Based on such data, longitudinal associations between symptoms can be studied using network analysis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title><jats:p>The purpose of this study is to identify longitudinal associations between motor symptoms and mood states in a patient with Parkinson's disease.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A 53\u2010year\u2010old man with Parkinson's disease and motor fluctuations collected experience sampling data during 34 consecutive days. A set of dependent variables included tremor, rigidity, balance problems, and \u201con\/off\u201d state, and the mood variables anxiety, cheerful, and \u201cdown.\u201d Independent variables were the same variables assessed at the preceding measurement. Regression coefficients were calculated and presented in a network graph.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>In this patient, anxiety and cheerfulness had a central position within the symptom network. Higher anxiety was prospectively associated with increased rigidity and tremor and with feeling \u201cdown.\u201d Cheerfulness was associated with less tremor. Balance problems were not influenced by cheerfulness nor anxiety, but increased balance problems were associated with reduced cheerfulness at the next assessment. Feeling \u201cdown\u201d did not influence self\u2010reported motor symptom severity at the next assessment.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>This n\u2009=\u20091 study shows that network analysis of experience sampling data may reveal longitudinal associations of self\u2010reported motor symptoms and mood states that may have relevance for treatment strategies. \u00a9 2018 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.93","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,5]],"date-time":"2018-10-05T23:22:56Z","timestamp":1538781776000},"page":"1938-1944","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":23,"title":["Network analysis of symptoms in a Parkinson patient using experience sampling data: An n\u2009=\u20091 study"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"33","author":[{"given":"Rachel M.J.","family":"van der 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