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Recently, however, osteoimmunology has been revealed to be closely related to PMO. On the one hand, estrogen deficiency directly affects the activity of bone cells (osteoblasts, osteoclasts, osteocytes). On the other hand, estrogen deficiency\u2010mediated osteoimmunity also plays a crucial role in bone loss in PMO. In this review, we systematically describe the progress of the mechanisms of bone loss in PMO, estrogen deficiency\u2010mediated osteoimmunity, the differences between PMO patients and postmenopausal populations without osteoporosis, and estrogen deficiency\u2010mediated immune cells (T cells, B cells, macrophages, neutrophils, dendritic cells, and mast cells) activity. The comprehensive summary of this paper provides a clear knowledge context for future research on the mechanism of PMO bone loss.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/med.22081","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,5]],"date-time":"2024-09-05T11:27:56Z","timestamp":1725535676000},"page":"561-575","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":149,"title":["Estrogen deficiency\u2010mediated osteoimmunity in postmenopausal osteoporosis"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"45","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4560-6861","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yao","family":"Yao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy Women's Hospital School of Medicine Zhejiang University Hangzhou 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