{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,16]],"date-time":"2026-10-16T12:20:09Z","timestamp":1792153209489,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":271,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,20]],"date-time":"2024-12-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1734652800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Medicinal Research Reviews"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\u03b1\u2010Synuclein (\u03b1\u2010syn), a pathological hallmark of PD, is emerging as a bridging element at the crossroads between neuro\/immune\u2010inflammatory responses and neurodegeneration in PD. Several evidence show that pathological \u03b1\u2010syn accumulates in neuronal and non\u2010neuronal cells (i.e., neurons, microglia, macrophages, skin cells, and intestinal cells) in central and peripheral tissues since the prodromal phase of the disease, contributing to brain pathology. Indeed, pathological \u03b1\u2010syn deposition can promote neurogenic\/immune\u2010inflammatory responses that contribute to systemic and central neuroinflammation associated with PD. After providing an overview of the structure and functions of physiological \u03b1\u2010syn as well as its pathological forms, we review current studies about the role of neuronal and non\u2010neuronal \u03b1\u2010syn at the crossroads between neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration in PD. In addition, we provide an overview of the correlation between the accumulation of \u03b1\u2010syn in central and peripheral tissues and PD, related symptoms, and neuroinflammation. Special attention was paid to discussing whether targeting \u03b1\u2010syn can represent a suitable therapeutical approach for PD.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/med.22091","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,20]],"date-time":"2024-12-20T04:46:06Z","timestamp":1734669966000},"page":"909-946","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":38,"title":["\u03b1\u2010Synuclein in Parkinson's Disease: From Bench to Bedside"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"45","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0648-6836","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gabriele","family":"Bellini","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Unit of Neurology, Parkinson's Disease and Movement Disorders, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine University of Pisa Pisa Italy"},{"name":"Department of Neurology The Marlene and Paolo Fresco Institute for Parkinson's and Movement 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