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Among these, voltage\u2010gated calcium channels mediate various cellular activities, including muscle contraction, gene regulation, and neurotransmission. A sub\u2010type of calcium channels are T\u2010type calcium channels that play a critical role in regulating neuronal excitability and are essential for neurodevelopment. Mutations in genes encoding T\u2010type calcium channels, including\n                    <jats:italic>CACNA1G<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic>CACNA1H<\/jats:italic>\n                    , and\n                    <jats:italic>CACNA1I<\/jats:italic>\n                    can lead to altered channel activity, resulting in disrupted calcium entry, calcium signaling, synaptic plasticity, and neuronal differentiation. They have been implicated in a range of neurodevelopmental disorders, such as epilepsy, autism spectrum disorder, and intellectual disability. There has been considerable interest in developing blockers against T\u2010type calcium channels to restore the dysregulated calcium homeostasis in neuronal disorders. T\u2010type calcium channel blockers, originally developed for cardiovascular diseases, have emerged as potential therapeutic agents for neurodevelopmental disorders by targeting aberrant calcium signaling. This review explores the molecular mechanisms underlying T\u2010type channel dysfunction caused by genetic mutations and evaluates the current evidence on the therapeutic efficacy of T\u2010type calcium channel blockers in neurodevelopmental disorders. Although preclinical studies show promise, translating these findings into effective clinical therapies presents significant challenges. Future research focusing on optimizing blocker specificity and understanding the broader impact of channel modulation is necessary for developing targeted treatments for neurological pathologies.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/med.70068","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,11]],"date-time":"2026-06-11T06:57:00Z","timestamp":1781161020000},"page":"1649-1671","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Molecular Pharmacology of T\u2010Type Calcium Channels and Their Roles in Neurological Disorders"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"46","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7916-7027","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Muhammad","family":"Umair","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Genomics Research Department, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center (KAIMRC) King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs (MNGH) Riyadh Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laurent","family":"Ferron","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Neurosciences University of Calgary Calgary Alberta Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Raja Hussain","family":"Ali","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Genomics Research Department, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center (KAIMRC) King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs (MNGH) Riyadh Saudi Arabia"},{"name":"Department of Hematology\/Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital Harvard Medical School, Teaching Hospital Massachusetts Boston USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gerald W.","family":"Zamponi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Neurosciences University of Calgary Calgary Alberta Canada"},{"name":"Hotchkiss Brain Institute University of Calgary Calgary Alberta Canada"},{"name":"Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute Calgary Alberta Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5161-0170","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yasinalli","family":"Tamboli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Research Core Facility and Platforms Department, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center (KAIMRC) King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs (MNGH) Riyadh Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","unstructured":"B.Hille 2001. 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