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While conventional Western medicine has achieved significant success in intraocular pressure (IOP) control, it faces challenges in providing long\u2011term neuroprotection and delaying disease progression. Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), guided by its holistic concept and treatment based on syndrome differentiation, demonstrates unique advantages through multi\u2010component, multi\u2011target, and multi\u2011pathway synergistic regulation. This review systematically elucidates the TCM pathogenesis evolution pattern of \u201cdeficiency leading to stasis, ocular collateral damage\u201d in diabetic glaucoma and establishes correlation networks between TCM syndrome types and modern pathological mechanisms. Integrating epidemiological evidence, we analyze the core mechanisms of representative Chinese herbs and formulas\u2014including\n                    <jats:italic>Ginkgo biloba<\/jats:italic>\n                    extract, indirubin\u2011related components, and the Si\u2011Hua formula\u2014in exerting antioxidant, anti\u2011inflammatory, microcirculation\u2011improving, and direct neuroprotective effects through regulation of key signaling pathways such as PI3K\/AKT, Nrf2, and NF\u2011\u03baB. Importantly, this article employs network pharmacology methods to visually present the synergistic \u201ccomponent\u2011target\u2011pathway\u201d interaction network of the Si\u2011Hua formula, and introduces a quantitative comparison of the regulatory intensity of key herbal components on signaling pathways. We also discuss the chemical structures of major secondary metabolites from these herbs and the principles of reverse pharmacology that connect TCM to modern drug discovery. By quantitatively evaluating the regulatory intensity of key herbal components on signaling pathways and exploring the interventional potential of TCM in emerging mechanisms like ferroptosis (Figure 9), this review aims to establish a comprehensive scientific framework for TCM prevention and treatment of diabetic glaucoma, providing solid academic support for the modernization and internationalization of TCM.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/med.70085","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,18]],"date-time":"2026-07-18T09:15:29Z","timestamp":1784366129000},"page":"1990-2012","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Advances in Traditional Chinese Medicine for Diabetic Glaucoma: A Systematic Review From Holistic Pathogenesis to Multi\u2010Target 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