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The increase in DS life expectancy further heightens the risk of dementia, principally early\u2010onset Alzheimer's disease (AD). AD risk in DS is higher, considering that this population may also develop metabolic diseases such as obesity, dyslipidemias, and diabetes mellitus. The extra genetic material that characterizes DS causes an imbalance in the genetic dosage, including over\u2010expression of AD's key pathophysiological molecules and the gene expression regulators, the microRNAs (miRNAs). Two miRNAs, chromosome 21\u2010encoded, miR\u2010155, and let\u20107c, are associated with cognitive impairment and dementia in adults; but, expression dynamics and relationship with clinical variables during the DS's lifespan had remained hitherto unexplored.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The anthropometric, clinical, biochemical, and profile expression of circulating miR\u2010155 and let\u20107c were analyzed in a population of 52 control and 50 DS subjects divided into the young group (Aged \u226420\u2009years) and the adult group (Aged \u226521\u2009years).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The expression changes for miR\u2010155 were not significant; nevertheless, a negative correlation with HDL\u2010Cholesterol concentrations was observed. Notably, let\u20107c was over\u2010expressed in DS from young and old ages.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Overall, our results suggest that let\u20107c plays a role from the early stages of DS's cognitive impairment while overexpression of miR\u2010155 may be related to lipid metabolism changes. Further studies of both miRNAs will shed light on their potential as therapeutic targets to prevent or delay DS's cognitive impairment.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/mgg3.1938","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,12]],"date-time":"2022-04-12T03:47:16Z","timestamp":1649735236000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Profiling of circulating chromosome 21\u2010encoded\n                    <scp>microRNAs<\/scp>\n                    ,\n                    <scp>miR<\/scp>\n                    \u2010155, and let\u20107c, in down syndrome"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Jes\u00fas Manuel","family":"P\u00e9rez\u2010Villarreal","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratorio de Neurociencias, Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n Aplicada a la Salud P\u00fablica (CIASaP), Facultad de Medicina Universidad Aut\u00f3noma de Sinaloa  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