{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,16]],"date-time":"2026-02-16T19:03:41Z","timestamp":1771268621748,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,7]],"date-time":"2022-04-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1649289600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Molec Gen &amp; Gen Med"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Mitochondrial disease (MD) is genetically a heterogeneous group of disorders with impairment in respiratory chain complexes or pathways associated with the mitochondrial function. Nowadays, it is still a challenge for the genetic screening of MD due to heteroplasmy of mitochondrial genome and the complex model of inheritance. This study was designed to investigate the feasibility of whole exome sequencing (WES)\u2010based testing as an alternative option for the diagnosis of MD.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A Chinese Han cohort of 48 patients with suspect MD features was tested using nanoWES, which was a self\u2010designed WES technique that covered the complete mtDNA genome and 21,019 nuclear genes. Fourteen patients were identified with a single genetic variant and three with single deletion in mtDNA.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The heteroplasmy levels of variants in mitochondrial genome range from 11% to 100%. NanoWES failed to identify multiple deletions in mtDNA compared with long range PCR and massively parallel sequencing (LR\u2010PCR\/MPS). However, our testing showed obvious advantages in identifying variations in nuclear DNA. Based on nanoWES, we identified two patients with nuclear DNA variation. One of them showed Xp22.33\u2010q28 duplication, which indicated a possibility of Klinefelter syndrome.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>NanoWES yielded a diagnostic rate of 35.4% for MD. With the rapid advances of next generation sequencing technique and decrease in cost, we recommend the usage of nanoWES as a first\u2010line method in clinical diagnosis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/mgg3.1943","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,7]],"date-time":"2022-04-07T08:46:01Z","timestamp":1649321161000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Whole exome sequencing is an alternative method in the diagnosis of mitochondrial <scp>DNA<\/scp> diseases"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Chong","family":"Sun","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Huashan Hospital Fudan University  Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shengyang","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Berry Genomics Co., Ltd  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ruiguo","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Berry Genomics Co., Ltd  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Junwu","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Berry Genomics Co., Ltd  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jiasen","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Berry Genomics Co., Ltd  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yanyun","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Berry Genomics Co., Ltd  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zhulin","family":"Yuan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Berry Genomics Co., Ltd  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1599-8411","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yuezhen","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Berry Genomics Co., Ltd  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mgg3.500"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/humu.23626"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/path.4809"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/gim.2018.42"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gki079"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/bmb\/ldt017"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0005\u20102728(00)00176\u20106"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-802896-4.00008-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/gim.2012.144"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_11_1","volume-title":"GeneReviews(R)","author":"El\u2010Hattab A. 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