{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,19]],"date-time":"2026-07-19T01:09:17Z","timestamp":1784423357041,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,20]],"date-time":"2025-01-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1737331200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":19,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Molec Gen &amp;amp; Gen Med"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Developmental and epileptic encephalopathies (DEEs) are a heterogeneous group of brain disorders. Variants in the Rho\u2010related BTB domain\u2010containing 2 gene (<jats:italic>RHOBTB2<\/jats:italic>) can lead to DEE64, which is characterized by early\u2010onset epilepsy, varying degrees of motor developmental delay and intellectual disability, microcephaly, and movement disorders. More than half of the variants are located at Arg483 and Arg511 within the BTB domain; however, the underlying mechanism of action of these hotspot variants remains unexplored.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We performed whole\u2010exome and Sanger sequencing on the patient and his parents. We collected recurrent variant information from the literature on RHOBTB2 variants. We used Discovery Studio software to analyze the folding free energy of variant proteins, and the AlphaFold database to analyze structural alterations in mutant proteins.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The patient presented with early\u2010onset epilepsy, developmental delay, and brain structural abnormalities. Genetic analysis revealed a de novo variant in RHOBTB2, c.1532G&gt;A, p.(Arg511Gln). To date, 60 cases of DEE patients with RHOBTB2 variants have been reported, with approximately 50% of variants located at Arg483 and Arg511. Among them, p.Arg511Gln, p.Arg483His, and p.Arg511Trp have an incidence rate exceeding 10%. The folding free energy of these high\u2010frequency variants proteins is reduced, which may lead to increased structural stability.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study highlights the importance of RHOBTB2 hotspot variants in DEE64 and provides insights into their potential mechanisms of action. We recommend RHOBTB2 gene testing for patients with relevant clinical manifestations to facilitate precise diagnosis and treatment of DEE.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/mgg3.70059","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,20]],"date-time":"2025-01-20T12:14:16Z","timestamp":1737375256000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["<i>RHOBTB2<\/i> Variant p.<scp>Arg511Gln<\/scp> Causes Developmental and Epileptic Encephalopathy Type 64 in an Infant: A Case Report and Hotspot Variant Analysis"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-5437-9103","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Qian","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics Taihe County People's Hospital  Fuyang Anhui China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Feifei","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics Taihe County People's Hospital  Fuyang Anhui China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qin","family":"Ruan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics Taihe County People's Hospital  Fuyang Anhui China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nana","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics Taihe County People's Hospital  Fuyang Anhui China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhengjun","family":"Fan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics Taihe County People's Hospital  Fuyang Anhui China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10072\u2010019\u201004190\u2010x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/humu.23550"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mgg3.1929"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s\u20100040\u20101722288"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fncel.2010.00004"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.212516099"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0065\u2010230X(06)97001\u20108"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/NXG.0000000000000418"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gim.2023.100885"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jmedgenet\u20102015\u2010103568"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fgene.2020.580484"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajmg.a.63053"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2020.06.028"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s42494\u2010021\u201000056\u2010y"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms25041963"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2017.12.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0378\u20101119(02)00980\u20100"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/gim.2015.30"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/epi.16427"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/epi.13709"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ng.3130"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms18071384"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2020.05.031"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajhg.2017.11.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejpn.2019.12.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/brainsci11070936"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1101\/gad.1177904"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000011543"}],"container-title":["Molecular Genetics &amp; 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