{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,30]],"date-time":"2025-07-30T10:02:14Z","timestamp":1753869734380,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,12]],"date-time":"2025-03-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1741737600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":11,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000072","name":"National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01\u2010DE014899","R01\u2010DE016148"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01\u2010DE014899","R01\u2010DE016148"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000072","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000050","name":"National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R37\u2010HL039693"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R37\u2010HL039693"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000050","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000051","name":"National Human Genome Research Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["X01\u2010HG009878","X01\u2010HG011437"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["X01\u2010HG009878","X01\u2010HG011437"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000051","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Molec Gen &amp;amp; Gen Med"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Fifth finger clinodactyly describes the conspicuous curvature of the fifth digit toward the other digits of the hand. Phenotypic expression can range from mild and almost imperceptible to severe, where function is impacted, and clinical intervention may be required. Although classically considered an autosomal dominant trait based on early family studies, no genes have been mapped for the trait. Further, there is epidemiological evidence that mild (typical\u2010range) fifth finger clinodactyly may have a different etiology than more severe forms.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>In this retrospective cross\u2010sectional study, we carried out genome\u2010wide association mapping of common genetic variants for clinodactyly in three cohorts separately and combined results via meta\u2010analysis, treating the trait as either a continuous quantitative variable (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>meta<\/jats:sub>\u2009=\u2009631) or a binary outcome (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>meta<\/jats:sub>\u2009=\u20091647).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The vast majority of participants in these cohorts exhibited mild forms of clinodactyly. Both the individual cohort results and meta\u2010analyses revealed no genome\u2010wide significant loci. We identified several possible suggestive signals (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20091\u2009\u00d7\u200910<jats:sup>\u22126<\/jats:sup>), but these showed no evidence of replication.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>While our results cannot definitively exclude the contribution of common variants to fifth finger clinodactyly due to the small sample size, they do suggest that the mild form of the trait is unlikely to be related to a major gene effect operating in a simple Mendelian manner.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/mgg3.70090","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,12]],"date-time":"2025-03-12T10:34:31Z","timestamp":1741775671000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Genome\u2010Wide Scan of Fifth Finger Clinodactyly"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Myoung Keun","family":"Lee","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Craniofacial and Dental Genetics, Department of Oral and Craniofacial Sciences University of Pittsburgh  Pittsburgh Pennsylvania USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Noah","family":"Herrick","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Craniofacial and Dental Genetics, Department of Oral and Craniofacial Sciences University of Pittsburgh  Pittsburgh Pennsylvania USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mary L.","family":"Marazita","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Craniofacial and Dental Genetics, Department of Oral and Craniofacial Sciences University of Pittsburgh  Pittsburgh Pennsylvania USA"},{"name":"Department of Human Genetics University of Pittsburgh  Pittsburgh Pennsylvania USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1897-1131","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"John R.","family":"Shaffer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Craniofacial and Dental Genetics, Department of Oral and Craniofacial Sciences University of Pittsburgh  Pittsburgh Pennsylvania USA"},{"name":"Department of Human Genetics University of Pittsburgh  Pittsburgh Pennsylvania USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9467-4556","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Seth M.","family":"Weinberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Craniofacial and Dental Genetics, Department of Oral and Craniofacial Sciences University of Pittsburgh  Pittsburgh Pennsylvania USA"},{"name":"Department of Human Genetics University of Pittsburgh  Pittsburgh Pennsylvania USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,12]]},"reference":[{"issue":"11","key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","article-title":"Isolated Congenital Camptodactyly and Temporomandibular Joint Articular Disc Displacement","volume":"14","author":"Aponte C. 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