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In groups II and III, vehicle (ethylene glycol) and DHEA solutions were injected subepineurally 30 min following the crush injury. Sciatic function index (SFI), toe contracture measurement, gastrocinemius muscle weight, total number of myelinated fibers, fiber diameters, myelin thickness, and axon\/fiber cross\u2010sectional ratio were measured at 3, 6, and 12 weeks. The SFI values in the DHEA group showed a faster return to normal values confirmed at 3 and 6 weeks (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.05). The number of myelinated fibers and fiber diameters at 6 and 12 weeks were significantly higher in the DHEA group (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.05). In this study, the subepineural injection of DHEA following crush injury was found to enhance functional recovery of the rat sciatic nerve. \u00a9 2002 Wiley\u2010Liss, Inc. 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