{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,19]],"date-time":"2026-06-19T17:04:13Z","timestamp":1781888653392,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2008,10,22]],"date-time":"2008-10-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1224633600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Microsurgery"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:italic>Background:<\/jats:italic> Complete traumatic upper extremity avulsions are an infrequent but devastating injury. These injuries are usually the result of massive blunt trauma to the upper limb. Intact issue from amputated or nonsalvageable limbs may be transferred for reconstruction of complex defects resulting from trauma when the indications for replantation are not met. This strategy allows preservation of stump length or coverage of exposed joints, and provides free flap harvest for reconstruction without additional donor\u2010site morbidity. <jats:italic>Methods:<\/jats:italic> A retrospective review at S\u00e3o Jo\u00e3o Hospital was performed on seven patients who had undergone immediate reconstruction with forearm free fillet flaps between 1992 and 2007. <jats:italic>Results:<\/jats:italic> There were six men and one woman, with patient age ranging from 17 to 74 years (mean, 41 years). Amputation sites were at the humeral neck (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic> = 1), at the humeral shaft (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic> = 5), and below the elbow (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic> = 1). The area of the forearm free fillet flap skin paddle was 352.14 \u00b1 145.48 cm (mean \u00b1 SD). The two major complications were the flap loss and the patient death on postoperative day 3 in other case. The postoperative course in the remaining five cases was uneventful with good healing of the wounds. Minor complications included two small residual defects treated by split\u2010thickness skin grafting and one wound infection requiring drainage and revision. <jats:italic>Conclusions:<\/jats:italic> The forearm free fillet flap harvested from the amputated limb provides reliable and robust tissue for reconstruction of large defects of the residual limb without additional donor\u2010site morbidity. Microsurgical free fillet flap transfer to amputation sites is valuable for achieving wound closure, improving stump durability, and maximizing function via preservation of length. \u00a9 2008 Wiley\u2010Liss, Inc. Microsurgery, 2009.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/micr.20559","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,10,22]],"date-time":"2008-10-22T19:41:07Z","timestamp":1224704467000},"page":"8-15","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":29,"title":["The use of forearm free fillet flap in traumatic upper extremity amputations"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"29","author":[{"given":"Isabel C.","family":"Oliveira","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rui F.","family":"Barbosa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pedro C.","family":"Ferreira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pedro N.","family":"Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Miguel P.","family":"Choupina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"\u00c1lvaro M.","family":"Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jorge C.","family":"Reis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jos\u00e9 M.","family":"Amarante","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2008,10,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1964.03070100010002"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00006534-199105000-00027"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00000637-199804000-00012"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00006534-200109150-00011"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2007-1006984"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00005373-198703000-00020"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00006534-199409000-00013"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.prs.0000256479.54755.f6"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00006534-200001000-00017"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00006534-199611000-00049"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00006534-199509000-00031"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2004-829999"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_14_2","first-page":"248","article-title":"Immediate amputation stump arm coverage using \u201cbanked\u201d free flap","volume":"4","author":"Malheiro E","year":"1995","journal-title":"Arq Port Cirurgia [in Portuguese]"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00000637-199110000-00014"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"447","DOI":"10.1016\/S0749-0712(21)00523-0","article-title":"Primary and secondary microvascular reconstruction of the upper extremity","volume":"17","author":"Levin LS","year":"2001","journal-title":"Hand Clin"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00006534-199508000-00046"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0266-7681(97)80359-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/micr.1920110305"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0363-5023(80)80180-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0363-5023(88)80066-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00006534-198269010-00001"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"216","DOI":"10.1097\/00003086-198309000-00028","article-title":"A 50\u2010cm fillet flap for preservation of maximal lower extremity residual limb length","volume":"178","author":"Foster RJ","year":"1983","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Res"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00000637-198607000-00012"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"435","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-198971030-00021","article-title":"Amputation after tibial fracture: Preservation of length by use of a neurovascular island (fillet) flap of the foot. 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