{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]],"date-time":"2026-09-24T05:44:39Z","timestamp":1790228679301,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,4,17]],"date-time":"2009-04-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1239926400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":106,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Microsurgery"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Congenital pseudarthrosis of the tibia (CPT) remains one of the most challenging problems confronting the orthopaedic surgeon. The operative results are frequently less than successful; many cases require several surgical procedures, and a significant number of them ending in amputation. The purpose of this study was to access the surgical results, complications, secondary procedures, and long\u2010term results of free vascularized fibular graft (FVFG) in the treatment of congenital pseudarthrosis of the tibia. Between 1992 and 2007, nine patients with CPT were treated consecutively at our clinic with free fibula transfer. There were six females and three males. The mean age at the time of operation was 6.5 years (range, 1\u201312 years). Stability, after reconstruction with FVFG, was maintained with internal fixation in five patients, unilateral frame external fixation in three patients, and intramedullary pin in one patient. Average postoperative follow\u2010up time was 9 years (range, 2\u201315 years). In seven patients, both ends of the graft healed primarily within 3.7 months (range, 1.5\u20136 months). In one patient, the distal end of the graft did not unit. This patient required three subsequent operations to achieve union. Stress fracture occurred in the middle of the grafted fibula in one patient, who underwent four additional operations before union, was achieved. Despite the relatively high\u2010complication rate, FVFG remains a valid method for the treatment of CPT. However, even achieving union of pseudarthrosis is not enough for the resolution of the disease. This is only half of the problem; the other half is to maintain union. Long\u2010term follow\u2010up beyond skeletal maturity, if possible, is necessary to evaluate surgical results. \u00a9 2009 Wiley\u2010Liss, Inc. Microsurgery, 2009.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/micr.20649","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,4,19]],"date-time":"2009-04-19T15:13:30Z","timestamp":1240154010000},"page":"346-352","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Vascularized free fibular bone graft in the management of congenital tibial pseudarthrosis"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"29","author":[{"given":"Anastasios V.","family":"Korompilias","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marios G.","family":"Lykissas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Panayiotis N.","family":"Soucacos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ioannis","family":"Kostas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexandros E.","family":"Beris","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2009,4,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1593","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-199311000-00003","article-title":"Late\u2010onset pseudarthrosis of the dysplastic tibia","volume":"75","author":"Roach JW","year":"1993","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00776-007-1142-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-195840060-00006"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/17453677308989112"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00006534-197505000-00002"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00003086-198206000-00003"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01202412-200001000-00003"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/17453677608998981"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.1097\/00003086-198910000-00008","article-title":"Congenital pseudarthrosis of the tibia. 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