{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]],"date-time":"2026-08-17T14:52:49Z","timestamp":1786978369209,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,8,29]],"date-time":"2018-08-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1535500800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Microsurgery"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Assessment of outcomes after face transplantation (FT) is necessary to provide sound evidence on the benefits of this life\u2010giving surgery. Current methods for outcomes assessment, however, are imprecise or prone to subjectivity. Software\u2010based video analysis may allow fast, objective and retrospective assessment of restoration of facial movements and functions after FT.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Patients and methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We recorded videos of 7 subjects before as well as every 3\u20106 months after facial transplantation. Patients performed the same sequence of facial movements in every video: smile, open mouth, purse lips, wrinkle nose, frown, close eyes, and lift eyebrows. The videos were retrospectively analyzed using EMOTIENT software, which is capable of automatic tracking and detailed measurements of facial movements and expressions. These measurements were subsequently compared to the same patient at different time points, as well as to the normal population.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Open mouth, wrinkle nose and smile functions significantly improved in all patients when compared to pre\u2010transplant functions; this improvement was significant at 3, 6, and 12\u2009months after transplant, respectively. Lip purse, eye closure and frown functions improved by 6, 9, and 18\u2009months after transplantation, respectively; however, improvement in these particular functions was not significantly with respect to pre\u2010transplant. Face transplantation did not improve any of the patients' ability to lift their eyebrows. Most remarkably, mouth opening and smiling functions both reached values comparable to the normal population at 3 and 12\u2009months after transplantation, respectively.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Software\u2010based video analysis provides a valuable assessment tool capable of objective, precise and reproducible analysis of facial movements and functions after FT.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/micr.30360","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,8,30]],"date-time":"2018-08-30T07:53:43Z","timestamp":1535615623000},"page":"53-61","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Software\u2010based video analysis of functional outcomes of face transplantation"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"39","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3445-1902","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sebastian","family":"Fischer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Brigham and Women's Hospital, Department of Surgery, Division of Plastic Surgery Harvard Medical School  Boston Massachusetts"},{"name":"BG Clinic Ludwigshafen, Department of Hand Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Burn Center, University of Heidelberg  Ludwigshafen Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yannick","family":"Diehm","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Brigham and Women's Hospital, Department of Surgery, Division of Plastic Surgery Harvard Medical School  Boston Massachusetts"},{"name":"BG Clinic Ludwigshafen, Department of Hand Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Burn Center, University of Heidelberg  Ludwigshafen Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Miguel I.","family":"Dorante","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Brigham and Women's Hospital, Department of Surgery, Division of Plastic Surgery Harvard Medical School  Boston Massachusetts"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dimitra","family":"Kotsougiani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"BG Clinic Ludwigshafen, Department of Hand Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Burn Center, University of Heidelberg  Ludwigshafen Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maximilian","family":"Kueckelhaus","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Brigham and Women's Hospital, Department of Surgery, Division of Plastic Surgery Harvard Medical School  Boston Massachusetts"},{"name":"Fachklinik Hornheide Department of Plastic Surgery  Munster Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Muayyad","family":"Alhefzi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Brigham and Women's Hospital, Department of Surgery, Division of Plastic Surgery Harvard Medical School  Boston Massachusetts"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ericka M.","family":"Bueno","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Brigham and Women's Hospital, Department of Surgery, Division of Plastic Surgery Harvard Medical School  Boston Massachusetts"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bohdan","family":"Pomahac","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Brigham and Women's Hospital, Department of Surgery, Division of Plastic Surgery Harvard Medical School  Boston Massachusetts"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,8,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/PRS.0000000000002605"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/PRS.0000000000002890"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/SCS.0000000000002305"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/SLA.0b013e318226a607"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/NDT.S37174"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-6143.2008.02243.x"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","first-page":"62","article-title":"Face detection system based on Viola \u2013 Jones algorithm","volume":"5","author":"Dabhi M. 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