{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,4]],"date-time":"2026-09-04T13:12:31Z","timestamp":1788527551822,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,8,29]],"date-time":"2018-08-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1535500800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Microsurgery"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>\u201cWindow\u201d resection of the trachea is sometimes performed to remove tumors invading the trachea. Here, we present a novel reconstructive procedure to this end.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Eleven patients (mean age, 64\u2009years; range, 46\u201380\u2009years) were included. Primary diagnoses included thyroid cancer and adenoid cystic carcinoma of the trachea. All defects were partial and located in the neck (mean width and length, 3\/5 circle and 7.5 rings; range, 1\/2\u20132\/3 circle and 5\u20139 rings). Immediate 2\u2010stage reconstruction was performed using a forearm flap and free bone graft. The bone graft was utilized as a supportive skeleton. A tracheostoma was left open for several months following the initial surgery, and then closed.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The mean flap size was 6.1 \u00d7 9.7 cm (range, 6\u20137 \u00d7 7\u201316\u2009cm). Mean number of grafted bone strips and length were 1.6 (range, 1\u20133) and 6.1 cm (range, 4.5\u20137 cm). All flaps survived. Five patients developed complications in the neck, including surgical site infections (SSIs), recurrent nerve palsy, and lymphorrhea. Four patients developed donor site complications, including clavicular fracture and SSIs. Mean postoperative follow\u2010up lasted 85\u2009months (range, 11\u2013149\u2009months). Normal speech was restored in 9 patients. Stoma closure was abandoned in 2 patients, because 1 patient showed vocal cord fixation with advanced age and the other showed bone graft loss following SSI.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Creating a tracheostoma during the first operation prevents postoperative airway compromise. Our bone graft placement easily achieves tracheal rigidity. This procedure is simple and safe for tracheal window defect repair.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/micr.30365","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,8,30]],"date-time":"2018-08-30T11:50:16Z","timestamp":1535629816000},"page":"46-52","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Immediate tracheal reconstruction with forearm flap and bone graft"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"39","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1402-5383","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tateki","family":"Kubo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plastic Surgery Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine  Osaka Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tomoyuki","family":"Kurita","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Osaka Prefectural Hospital Organization Osaka International Cancer Institute  Osaka Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hiroki","family":"Tashima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Osaka Prefectural Hospital Organization Osaka International Cancer Institute  Osaka Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Motoyuki","family":"Suzuki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology\u2010Head and Neck Surgery Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine  Osaka Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hirokazu","family":"Uemura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2010Head and Neck Surgery Nara Medical University  Nara Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Takashi","family":"Fujii","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Osaka Prefectural Hospital Organization Osaka International Cancer Institute  Osaka Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shien","family":"Seike","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plastic Surgery Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine  Osaka Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hidenori","family":"Inohara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology\u2010Head and Neck Surgery Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine  Osaka Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ko","family":"Hosokawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plastic Surgery Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine  Osaka Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,8,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hed.23088"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.PRS.0000148418.73596.74"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/bjs.18003815008"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"733","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5223(19)33356-2","article-title":"Replacement of tracheobronchial defects with autogenous pericardium","volume":"48","author":"Bryant L. 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