{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,4]],"date-time":"2026-09-04T09:52:44Z","timestamp":1788515564050,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,28]],"date-time":"2022-04-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1651104000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Microsurgery"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>Traumatic spinal cord injury (SCI) resulting in tetraplegia is a leading cause of morbidity among young adults worldwide and its management remains challenging. Restoring hand function in these patients must be considered a top priority with great impact on their quality of life (QOL); although nerve and tendon transfer have been extensively described, type of procedure to be chosen is not standardized and few studies have determined the functional outcome of those procedure and their impact on QOL is still poorly assessed. We report a preliminary retrospective study regarding feasibility and functional outcomes of nerve transfer procedures including bilateral brachialis nerve on anterior interosseous nerve (AIN) and supinator branch on posterior interosseous nerve (PIN) for hand reanimation following SCI focusing on the impact of these procedures on QOL.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We performed a retrospective study involving patient sustained SCI and underwent nerve transfer of brachialis branch from musculocutaneous nerve on AIN and supinator branch from the trunk of the radial nerve on the PIN. We included 11 patients (14 limbs) with traumatic SCI resulting in C4 level tetraplegia in five patients, C5 in four and C6 and C7 in one case each, with a median age of 31.5\u2009years underwent surgery at a median of 10\u00a0months after injury; including both transfers in 10 cases and AIN reanimation only in one. Functional assessment including medical research council (MCR) grade, graded redefined assessment of strength sensation and prehension (GRASSP) and spinal cord independence measure (SCIM) were performed at least 12\u2009months follow up.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Thirteen\u00a0PIN innervated muscles achieved an MRC score\u2009\u22653\/5 whereas AIN supplied muscles in 5 out of 15. GRASSP qualitative measure improved from a baseline value of 1 to 2, while quantitative measure passed from 1 to 3 after 12\u2009months; the difference was statistically significant (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u2009.005 and <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u2009.008, respectively). SCIM self\u2010care sub\u2010score also statistically significant improved from 3 to 4 at 12\u2009months (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u2009.016). No complication or donor morbidity occurred.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Functional performance has been significantly improved by nerve transfer procedures 1\u2009year after surgery. Nerve transfers may represent a valuable option for the restoration of the hand function in patients with tetraplegia with minor or no morbidity.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/micr.30891","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,29]],"date-time":"2022-04-29T05:50:37Z","timestamp":1651211437000},"page":"577-585","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Functional outcome after transfer of brachialis on anterior interosseous and supinator on posterior interosseous nerves: A preliminary report"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"42","author":[{"given":"Carlo","family":"Sacco","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Peripheral Nerve Surgery Unit Ospedale per gli Infermi\u2013Faenza  Faenza Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Silvia","family":"Olivi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Spinal Unit Montecatone Rehabilitation Institute  Imola Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3134-110X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jacopo","family":"Visani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Peripheral Nerve Surgery Unit Ospedale per gli Infermi\u2013Faenza  Faenza Italy"},{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery Sant'Anna University Hospital\u2013Ferrara  Cona Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roberto","family":"Donati","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Peripheral Nerve Surgery Unit Ospedale per gli Infermi\u2013Faenza  Faenza Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vanni","family":"Veronesi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Peripheral Nerve Surgery Unit Ospedale per gli Infermi\u2013Faenza  Faenza Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Camilla","family":"Mencarani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Peripheral Nerve Surgery Unit Ospedale per gli Infermi\u2013Faenza  Faenza Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Crescenzo","family":"Capone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Peripheral Nerve Surgery Unit Ospedale per gli Infermi\u2013Faenza  Faenza Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gianluca","family":"Bizzocchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Peripheral Nerve Surgery Unit Ospedale per gli Infermi\u2013Faenza  Faenza Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8500-7751","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carlotte","family":"Kiekens","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"IRCCS MultiMedica  Milan Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pasquale","family":"De Bonis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery Sant'Anna University Hospital\u2013Ferrara  Cona Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alba","family":"Scerrati","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery Sant'Anna University Hospital\u2013Ferrara  Cona Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guido","family":"Staffa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Peripheral Nerve Surgery Unit Ospedale per gli Infermi\u2013Faenza  Faenza Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcot.2020.05.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/neuros\/nyw080"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sc.1965.29"},{"issue":"7","key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","first-page":"695","article-title":"Transposition of the musculo\u2010cutaneous nerve upon the median nerve. 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