{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,4]],"date-time":"2026-10-04T05:09:20Z","timestamp":1791090560196,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,18]],"date-time":"2024-03-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1710720000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":17,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["mLife"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Insertion sequences (ISs) promote the transmission of antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs) across bacterial populations. However, their contributions and dynamics during the transmission of resistance remain unclear. In this study, we selected IS\n                    <jats:italic>26<\/jats:italic>\n                    as a representative transposable element to decipher the relationship between ISs and ARGs\u00a0and to investigate their transfer features and transmission trends. We retrieved 2656\u00a0\n                    <jats:styled-content>t<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    ranslocatable\u00a0\n                    <jats:styled-content>IS<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    <jats:italic>\n                      <jats:styled-content>26<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    <\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:styled-content>\u2010b<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    ounded\u00a0\n                    <jats:styled-content>u<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    nits with\u00a0\n                    <jats:styled-content>ARG<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    s (tIS\n                    <jats:italic>26<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2010bUs\u2010ARGs) in complete bacterial genomes from the\u00a0NCBI RefSeq database. In total, 124 ARGs spanning 12 classes of antibiotics were detected, and the average contribution rate of IS\n                    <jats:italic>26<\/jats:italic>\n                    to these genes was 41.2%. We found that\u00a0\n                    <jats:styled-content>IS<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    <jats:italic>\n                      <jats:styled-content>26<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    <\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:styled-content>\u2010b<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    ounded\u00a0\n                    <jats:styled-content>u<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    nits (IS\n                    <jats:italic>26<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2010bUs) mediated extensive ARG dissemination within the bacteria of the\u00a0\n                    <jats:italic>Gammaproteobacteria<\/jats:italic>\n                    class, showing strong transfer potential between strains, species, and even phyla. The IS\n                    <jats:italic>26<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2010bUs expanded in bacterial populations over time, and their temporal expansion trend was significantly correlated with antibiotic usage. This wide dissemination could be due to the nonspecific target site preference of IS\n                    <jats:italic>26<\/jats:italic>\n                    . Finally, we experimentally confirmed that the introduction of a single copy of IS\n                    <jats:italic>26<\/jats:italic>\n                    could lead to the formation of a composite transposon mediating the transmission of \u201cpassenger\u201d genes. These observations extend our knowledge of the IS\n                    <jats:italic>26<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u00a0and provide new insights into the mediating role of ISs in the dissemination of antibiotic resistance.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/mlf2.12114","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,18]],"date-time":"2024-03-18T07:13:02Z","timestamp":1710745982000},"page":"101-109","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["Understanding the rapid spread of antimicrobial resistance genes mediated by IS\n                    <i>26<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"3","author":[{"given":"Na","family":"Tang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources, Institute of Microbiology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China"},{"name":"College of Life Science University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 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