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Whereas chrysin<jats:bold> 1<\/jats:bold> was not converted by the pig intestinal flora under the experimental conditions used, naringenin <jats:bold>2 <\/jats:bold>was transformed to 3\u2010(4\u2010hydroxyphenyl)\u2010propionic acid and 3\u2010phenylpropionic acid. Quercetin <jats:bold>3 <\/jats:bold>was metabolized to phloroglucinol, 3,4\u2010dihydroxyphenylacetic acid, and 3,4\u2010dihydroxytoluene. Hesperetin <jats:bold>4 <\/jats:bold>was degraded <jats:italic>via<\/jats:italic> eriodictyol to 3\u2010(3\u2010hydroxyphenyl)\u2010propionic acid and phloroglucinol. Structural elucidation of the formed metabolites was performed by high\u2010performance liquid chromatography \u2013 diode array detection (HPLC\u2013DAD) as well as HPLC\u2010electrospray ionization \u2013 mass spectrometry (ESI\u2010MS (MS)) and high resolution gas chromatography\u2010mass spectrometry (HRGC\u2010MS) analyses. The time course of microbial conversion of<jats:bold> 2<\/jats:bold>\u2013<jats:bold>4<\/jats:bold> was determined by HPLC\u2010DAD analysis, revealing slow degradation of<jats:bold> 2 <\/jats:bold>and rapid transformation of <jats:bold>3<\/jats:bold> and<jats:bold> 4<\/jats:bold>. The results lead to the conclusion that the pig caecum model is a suitable <jats:italic>ex vivo <\/jats:italic>model for studying the intestinal degradation of flavonoids.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/mnfr.200400022","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2004,8,24]],"date-time":"2004-08-24T18:00:19Z","timestamp":1093370419000},"page":"326-332","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":65,"title":["The pig caecum model: A suitable tool to study the intestinal metabolism of flavonoids"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"48","author":[{"given":"Samira","family":"Labib","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Annette","family":"Erb","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Kraus","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thomas","family":"Wickert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elke","family":"Richling","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2004,9,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jn\/130.8.2073S"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0278-6915(99)00079-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0031-9422(00)00235-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Johnson I. 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